This bushing method was used in the first WNG composite action parts.
See the May 2010 Journal article for the illustration.
Flange Bushing Without Glue, circa 1921
By Ed Sutton, RPT
[Illustration: Patent Page Drawing]
For the insatiable piano technician, a search of piano patents is sure to yield an hour of entertainment, and sometimes an idea worth trying.
In this 1921 patent application, James Semple proposes a way to eliminate glue from the action flange by threading the hole for the bushing cloth. In a bench test I found that this method could be useful for a fast field repair, eliminating the glue drying time and allowing immediate assembly of the action center.
Supplies and tools needed for the repair are good quality bushing cloth, a selection of center pins, a pin removing tool, a razor blade, a set of Mannino action center broaches, a 4NS36 screw tap with handle, and flush-cutting nippers.
To make the repair, remove the old pin and decide on the appropriate-sized replacement pin for the bird's eye. Push the old cloth out of the flange, and use the screw tap to cut threads in the holes. Pull the bushing cloth into the flange and cut away the excess length, but before trimming the cloth flush to the flange ears, use the Mannino broaches to compact the cloth into the threaded holes. Begin with the smallest broach and work up one at a time to the broach that matches the replacement pin size. Now trim the cloth and test carefully for friction on the broach. Work the bushing on the broach as needed for proper friction. Finally, assemble the parts with the center pin as usual and trim the pin.
The old factory-made bushings used very little glue, and can pop out easily. The threaded bushing is probably just as stable as its traditional counterparts.
Thanks to Kirk Burgett for telling me about this.
------------------------------
Ed Sutton
ed440@me.com(980) 254-7413
------------------------------
Original Message:
Sent: 09-06-2026 15:11
From: Paul Klaus
Subject: Centre Pin Lubricant Contamination
How about threading the flange bushing holes with a micro tap to hold the felt instead of glue?
Original Message:
Sent: 09-06-2026 14:13
From: Nathan Monteleone
Subject: Centre Pin Lubricant Contamination
I propose that in less critical cases like this
one, that we talk about glue holding strength in terms of "good enough" or not. After all, the glue holding an action center bushing in place is not placed under much strain at all under actual use. It's only at any real risk during reaming and repinning.
In practice, most lubricants will not cost and seal the wood so completely as to reject our common glues completely. Might they weaken the strength of the bond? Sure. But typically when I've repinned overly tight actions -- some of which surely got CLP a few times before I got called to deal with it the right way -- I haven't had any issues with the bushings falling out from anything short of operator error. Has anyone encountered bushings that are systematically falling out because of glue failure?
Original Message:
Sent: 9/6/2026 8:18:00 AM
From: Gerald Cousins
Subject: RE: Centre Pin Lubricant Contamination
Ok, Since the proverbial pandora's box has been cracked open a bit, Here's a take on the subject which I've pondered for a long time.
Any and all lubricants used in bushings does wick into the wood that surrounds the bushing rendering it impervious to any and all adhesion of the cloth to the wood. I recall early years being taught to first use a "wetting agent" on the felting to break the surfaces of production chemicals and allowing the felt cloth surface to be able to bond felt to wood with the tiniest amount of glue. Especially important for key bushings.
Any oils and or lubricants will prevent this for happening in any future situations without providing fresh wood surface(s) for adhesion.
There certainly will render this discussion to many opinions best positive or negative about this ponder. Ready-set-go! chemical engineer analysts welcome into the discussion. PS rule out conjecture please. TIA
G
------------------------------
Gerry
Gerald P. Cousins, RPT ~ Director of Piano Service and Resources
West Chester University of PA
gcousins@wcupa.edu
------------------------------