Roshan Kakiya's Geometric Mean of the Cents of the Semitones with and without Inharmonicity for Balancing the Relationship between Harmonic and Inharmonic Coincident Upper Partials
Geometric Mean of the Cents of the Semitones without Inharmonicity for Balancing the Relationship between Harmonic Coincident Upper Partials
Two Coincident Partials are Upper Partials (Partial Number > 1)
Geometric Mean of the Semitones (Cents) = 〈{[1200 × log2(P1)] / S1} × {[1200 × log2(P2)] / S2}〉1 / N
P1 is the partial number of the coincident partial of an interval's lower note.
S1 is the number of semitones within P1.
P2 is the partial number of the coincident partial of an interval's upper note.
S2 is the number of semitones within P2.
N is the number of partials.
One Coincident Partial is an Upper Partial (Partial Number > 1)
Geometric Mean of the Semitones (Cents) = {[1200 × log2(P1)] / S1}1 / N
P1 is the partial number of the coincident partial of an interval's lower note.
S1 is the number of semitones within P1.
N is the number of partials.
Example: Two Coincident Partials are Upper Partials (Partial Number > 1)
I have used the 3 : 2 Fifth A4-E5 for my calculations below.
P1 = 3rd Partial of A4 = 3
S1 = 19
P2 = 2nd Partial of E5 = 2
S2 = 12
N = 2
Geometric Mean of the Semitones (Cents) = 〈{[1200 × log2(3)] / 19} × {[1200 × log2(2)] / 12}〉1 / 2 = 100.051434164 cents
3 : 2 Fifth A4-E5 (Cents) = 7 × 〈{[1200 × log2(3)] / 19} × {[1200 × log2(2)] / 12}〉1 / 2 = 700.360039147 cents
Harmonic 3rd Partial of A4 (Cents) = 1200 × log2(3) = 1901.955000865 cents
Narrowed 3rd Partial of A4 (Cents) = 19 × 〈{[1200 × log2(3)] / 19} × {[1200 × log2(2)] / 12}〉1 / 2 = 1900.977249113 cents
Harmonic 3rd Partial of A4 (Cents) / Narrowed 3rd Partial of A4 (Cents) = 1901.955000865 cents / 1900.977249113 cents = 1.000514342
Harmonic 2nd Partial of E5 (Cents) = 1200 × log2(2) = 1200.000000000 cents
Widened 2nd Partial of E5 (Cents) = 12 × 〈{[1200 × log2(3)] / 19} × {[1200 × log2(2)] / 12}〉1 / 2 = 1200.617209966 cents
Widened 2nd Partial of E5 (Cents) / Harmonic 2nd Partial of E5 (Cents) = 1200.617209966 cents / 1200.000000000 cents = 1.000514342
Example: One Coincident Partial is an Upper Partial (Partial Number > 1)
I have used the 2 : 1 Octave A4-A5 for my calculations below.
P1 = 2nd Partial of A4 = 2
S1 = 12
N = 1
Geometric Mean of the Semitones (Cents) = {[1200 × log2(2)] / 12}1 / 1 = 100.000000000 cents
2 : 1 Octave A4-A5 (Cents) = 12 × {[1200 × log2(2)] / 12}1 / 1 = 1200.000000000 cents
Geometric Mean of the Cents of the Semitones with Inharmonicity for Balancing the Relationship between Inharmonic Coincident Upper Partials
Two Coincident Partials are Upper Partials (Partial Number > 1)
Geometric Mean of the Semitones (Cents) = 〈{[1200 × log2(P1 × [{1 + B1 × P12} / {1 + B1}]1 / 2)] / S1} × {[1200 × log2(P2 × [{1 + B2 × P22} / {1 + B2}]1 / 2)] / S2}〉1 / N
P1 is the partial number of the coincident partial of an interval's lower note.
B1 is the inharmonicity coefficient of an interval's lower note.
S1 is the number of semitones within P1.
P2 is the partial number of the coincident partial of an interval's upper note.
B2 is the inharmonicity coefficient of an interval's upper note.
S2 is the number of semitones within P2.
N is the number of partials.
One Coincident Partial is an Upper Partial (Partial Number > 1)
Geometric Mean of the Semitones (Cents) = {[1200 × log2(P1 × [{1 + B1 × P12} / {1 + B1}]1 / 2)] / S1}1 / N
P1 is the partial number of the coincident partial of an interval's lower note.
B1 is the inharmonicity coefficient of an interval's lower note.
S1 is the number of semitones within P1.
N is the number of partials.
Example: Two Coincident Partials are Upper Partials (Partial Number > 1)
I have used the 3 : 2 Fifth A4-E5 for my calculations below.
P1 = 3rd Partial of A4 = 3
B1 = Inharmonicity Coefficient of A4 = 0.000664
S1 = 19
P2 = 2nd Partial of E5 = 2
B2 = Inharmonicity Coefficient of E5 = 0.001234
S2 = 12
N = 2
Geometric Mean of the Semitones (Cents) = 〈{[1200 × log2(3 × [{1 + 0.000664 × 32} / {1 + 0.000664}]1 / 2)] / 19} × {[1200 × log2(2 × [{1 + 0.001234 × 22} / {1 + 0.001234}]1 / 2)] / 12}〉1 / 2 = 100.305154788 cents
3 : 2 Fifth A4-E5 (Cents) = 7 × 〈{[1200 × log2(3 × [{1 + 0.000664 × 32} / {1 + 0.000664}]1 / 2)] / 19} × {[1200 × log2(2 × [{1 + 0.001234 × 22} / {1 + 0.001234}]1 / 2)] / 12}〉1 / 2 = 702.136083519 cents
Inharmonic 3rd Partial of A4 (Cents) = 1200 × log2{3 × [(1 + 0.000664 × 32) / (1 + 0.000664)]1 / 2} = 1906.537953837 cents
Narrowed 3rd Partial of A4 (Cents) = 19 × 〈{[1200 × log2(3 × [{1 + 0.000664 × 32} / {1 + 0.000664}]1 / 2)] / 19} × {[1200 × log2(2 × [{1 + 0.001234 × 22} / {1 + 0.001234}]1 / 2)] / 12}〉1 / 2 = 1905.797940979 cents
Inharmonic 3rd Partial of A4 (Cents) / Narrowed 3rd Partial of A4 (Cents) = 1906.537953837 cents / 1905.797940979 cents = 1.000388296
Inharmonic 2nd Partial of E5 (Cents) = 1200 × log2{2 × [(1 + 0.001234 × 22) / (1 + 0.001234)]1 / 2} = 1203.194662329 cents
Widened 2nd Partial of E5 (Cents) = 12 × 〈{[1200 × log2(3 × [{1 + 0.000664 × 32} / {1 + 0.000664}]1 / 2)] / 19} × {[1200 × log2(2 × [{1 + 0.001234 × 22} / {1 + 0.001234}]1 / 2)] / 12}〉1 / 2 = 1203.661857461 cents
Widened 2nd Partial of E5 (Cents) / Inharmonic 2nd Partial of E5 (Cents) = 1203.661857461 cents / 1203.194662329 cents = 1.000388296
Example: One Coincident Partial is an Upper Partial (Partial Number > 1)
I have used the 2 : 1 Octave A4-A5 for my calculations below.
P1 = 2nd Partial of A4 = 2
B1 = Inharmonicity Coefficient of A4 = 0.000664
S1 = 12
N = 1
Geometric Mean of the Semitones (Cents) = {[1200 × log2(2 × [{1 + 0.000664 × 22} / {1 + 0.000664}]1 / 2)] / 12}1 / 1 = 100.143454339 cents
2 : 1 Octave A4-A5 (Cents) = 12 × {[1200 × log2(2 × [{1 + 0.000664 × 22} / {1 + 0.000664}]1 / 2)] / 12}1 / 1 = 1201.721452071 cents
References
Anderson, B. and Strong, W., 2005. The effect of inharmonic partials on pitch of piano tones. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 117(5), pp.3268-3272. Available at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/7784661_The_effect_of_inharmonic_partials_on_pitch_of_piano_tones.
Kakiya, R., 2020. Anthony Willey's 88 Average Inharmonicity Constants from A0 to C8. Piano Technicians Guild. Available at: https://my.ptg.org/communities/community-home/digestviewer/viewthread?GroupId=43&MessageKey=6de86f98-a71b-437d-90f9-9f5c99bcb9a4&CommunityKey=6265a40b-9fd2-4152-a628-bd7c7d770cbf.
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Roshan Kakiya
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