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Dispelling the 'Myth' of the Missing Fundamental

  • 1.  Dispelling the 'Myth' of the Missing Fundamental

    Posted 01-22-2024 03:17
    • Dispelling the 'Myth' of the Missing Fundamental
    • Video Presentation YouTube Link: 
    • https://youtu.be/Gj0xobcBpdM
    • There is a widely held 'myth' called 'the missing fundamental' in the bass register of a piano. 

    • * This myth is very unfortunate and very untrue.
      * I am here today to dispel that myth once and for all with irrefutable evidence. 
      * Is the fundamental present all the way down to A0. Of course!
      * This evidence was collected from a PianoSens sensor on a large concert grand, a Fazioli F308. However, I did a similar experiment over 15 years ago using an instrumentation quality microphone on a Steinway D and got a similar result.
      * As you watch the video and hear the explanation, you will clearly and unequivocally see that there are clean, pristine periods of repetition at the fundamental frequency all the way down to A0. 
      * You will see the spectral view of the time domain showing that the fundamental A0 is down only 9 dB from the 2nd harmonic A1. A factor of 9 dB is still very easily heard by human perception even at that frequency.
      * I also show just how 'messy' the transient response is from the hammer strike moment, compared with the PianoSens sensor.


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    Steven Norsworthy
    Cardiff By The Sea CA
    (619) 964-0101
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  • 2.  RE: Dispelling the 'Myth' of the Missing Fundamental

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 02-01-2024 22:26

    Yes, there is a string vibration at the fundamental frequency, as Scott Murphy showed in a high speed video, looking at the string at the bridge pin. He also demonstrated that the bridge pin moves at that frequency. However, audio analysis shows that the fundamental frequency as heard (by a microphone, or by the ear) is very weak, really imperceptible among the various upper partials. Presumably the weakness is due to the soundboard/bridge system's inability to project that frequency.

    So, yes, the pianosens sensor is verifying the presence of the vibrational frequency, but that doesn't mean the fundamental is present for practical purposes (ie, heard by the ear). Your "proof" applies to string movement, as that is what pianosens is measuring. String movement is not sound. 

    Sound at the fundamental frequency can be present in large pianos, but it is so weak that we can say that it is essentially missing relative to the rest of the spectrum.



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    Fred Sturm
    University of New Mexico
    fssturm@unm.edu
    http://fredsturm.net
    http://www.artoftuning.com
    "We either make ourselves happy or miserable. The amount of work is the same." - Carlos Casteneda
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  • 3.  RE: Dispelling the 'Myth' of the Missing Fundamental

    Posted 02-01-2024 22:32

    Fred,

    Didn’t you see the mic results also? I think you did not follow me. I re-did the mic experiment that I did 20 years ago, same result. As a matter of fact, the mic experiment showed that the ratio of the fundamental to 2nd harmonic was even a little greater that it was with the sensor, furthering my point.

    My major frustration with the PTG forums is 'lots of conjecture and opinions' but 'lack of experimental data'. 

    Steve






  • 4.  RE: Dispelling the 'Myth' of the Missing Fundamental

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 02-01-2024 23:29
    This is merely a semantic argument. It has been known for many years that the fundamentals of the lowest bass notes are present in large instruments. They are far weaker than upper partials, but they are present. In smaller instruments they are often not present (not detectible) at all. 

    Your "discovery" is not a wonderful breakthrough. You are merely confirming what others have known for years. It is true that is is commonly said that all low bass fundamentals are non-existent, but while that is not literally true, for practical purposes, and in most pianos, it is true enough.

    Regards,
    Fred Sturm
    "Believe those who seek the truth; doubt those who find it." Gide






  • 5.  RE: Dispelling the 'Myth' of the Missing Fundamental

    Posted 02-02-2024 01:20

    Dear Fred,

    Engineers and researchers do not (should not) engage without data and analysis that is comprehensive enough to be trusted, not 'just take my word for it' like I usually see on the PTG forums.

    I honestly thought people would appreciate the detailed analysis, showing in the time and frequency domains, how these waveforms can be seen and understood. I even backed up the string sensor with the mic as well. In my limited experience with the PTG, by and large, the majority under-appreciate how much work goes into something like this. It takes years of specialized training the field of 'signal processing' to be able to do this. It is hard and detailed work. The tools needed such as Matlab and great hardware to capture the data, are not accessible to most, so I now doubt that most members have no clue about this. I am in the wrong place in many ways. I do hope (and indeed am finding) receptive people. There have been many people privately contacting me and appreciating the things I am revealing with actual analysis and actual data. My hope is to keep finding the 5% or 10% of the viewers who gain value from it. I am a life learner myself, as any researcher must be. It comes with the territory. We affirm people doing good work, not tearing them down and diminishing them. 

    Respectfully submitted,

    Steve



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    Steven Norsworthy
    Cardiff By The Sea CA
    (619) 964-0101
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  • 6.  RE: Dispelling the 'Myth' of the Missing Fundamental

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 02-02-2024 12:58
    Steve,
    You come across as extremely arrogant, condescending and dismissive of your audience. Your initial post in this thread, with its bold, enlarged typeface, bragged you had discovered and proven some hitherto unknown fact, disproving a "myth" that was widely accepted. 

    I responded to your post to point out that you were merely confirming what had already been well-established, most recently in Scott Murphy's interesting high speed video work, which, like yours, involved lots of equipment, software and background, together with hours of set up and analysis. It occurs to me that you would have been unable to view that high speed video demonstration, as the link I gave is available to PTG members only. Here is a direct link.

    And I have tried to point out that there is actually a good bit of truth behind the "myth" of the missing fundamental.

    I applaud your energy and willingness to share. I find your preferred medium (Youtube videos) annoying, and your tone off-putting. You will have noticed that next to nobody is engaging with you on this forum (CAUT). Has it occurred to you to wonder why? It isn't that we are all benighted ignoramuses. 

    Regards,
    Fred Sturm
    http://fredsturm.net
    www.artoftuning.com
    "A mind is not a vessel to be filled, but a fire to be kindled." Plutarch















  • 7.  RE: Dispelling the 'Myth' of the Missing Fundamental

    Posted 02-02-2024 13:25
    Hi, Fred,

    Well said.

    Thank you very much.

    Kind regards.

    Horace




      Original Message




  • 8.  RE: Dispelling the 'Myth' of the Missing Fundamental

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 02-02-2024 13:37
    Thank you, Fred, for saying what a lot of us are thinking. 
    I'm still trying to figure out how we can and cannot hear at the same time. 

    Wim





  • 9.  RE: Dispelling the 'Myth' of the Missing Fundamental

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 02-02-2024 14:16
    I have read Steve’s posts with interest, but in the way I might be fascinated by someone else’s passion for gardening, or rock climbing, or other topics that I follow but don’t much impact my work.

    It brings to mind an old friend of mine who cautioned me about “measuring a 2x4 with a micrometer”. It may be absorbing to the person who loves micrometers, or a wood technologist studying minute variations, but not to the person who’s going to build a picnic table or a house.

    I have been contentedly tuning at the highest level for the last 15 years (of my 42 in the business) on well-mannered concert pianos for traveling artists, both for concerto work and solo recitals. My world may differ, but a good temperament, well-chosen stretch and rock-solid unisons are bread and butter to me. Artists come in and select the piano, and a professional-level tuning is pretty much taken for granted. Our discussions, if any are needed, center on minor voicing or regulation tweaks they may find.

    I’m not sorry Steve has been posting, and I’ll keep looking at them if he chooses to continue, but the microscope-level things he’s measuring don’t affect me much. And I know I’’m not stupid or stubborn, or anti-tech (much), so they just roll over me.

    Steve, I’m sorry that your take on our silence or pushback is to get a negative impression of PTG and piano technicians. I just think you maybe misread your audience, or you might find a better channel in which to present it.

    Other impressions may vary.

    Best to you all,

    Kathy




  • 10.  RE: Dispelling the 'Myth' of the Missing Fundamental

    Posted 02-02-2024 16:19

    The functional proclivities of our minds will lead us into fields of work which nurture our particular modes of thought into lengths of development which, to someone else, if not to ourselves, appear extreme. From here we may speak what appears to be a somewhat common language, but in fact there may be little commonality between the perceived worlds we are trying to share.

    A while back I was involved in a year-long community governance dispute which led to much attacking and hurt because of people not understanding that counter proposals were not attacks, but just different ways of seeing things, which many people could not see at all.  "Visual Thinking" by Temple Grandin helped me to see what can happen when people with different ways of thinking don't understand each other's basic modes of seeing and organizing experience.
    So, here we have two sides living in very different worlds. Can we co-exist peacefully enough to accept how different our worlds are, even as we work on identical objects?
    I, for one, am grateful for the roles Paul McCloud and Kent Swafford have taken in exploring the use of this technology. I especially look forward to hearing Kent's thoughts when he feels he has something to share.
    Elsewhere in CAUT I called attention to Jim Ellis's laboratory work in understanding false beats. I am rather sad that, although several very fine technician/engineers collaborated with Jim to write and publish this work, it seems to have been forgotten in 16 years. Jim's lab monochord used sensors which, I believe, were similar to PianoSens. Interested folk can read the articles in the August and September 2008 Journals.


    ------------------------------
    Ed Sutton
    ed440@me.com
    (980) 254-7413
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  • 11.  RE: Dispelling the 'Myth' of the Missing Fundamental

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 02-02-2024 19:43
    "So, here we have two sides living in very different worlds. Can we co-exist peacefully enough to accept how different our worlds are, even as we work on identical objects?"

    We can. But when one argues every counter point of view, not willing to accept that there are different opinions, it makes it difficult to co-exist peacefully. 





  • 12.  RE: Dispelling the 'Myth' of the Missing Fundamental

    Posted 02-02-2024 20:12

    Thanks, Ed.

    My offer keeps standing that if someone has at least 2 or 3 people wanting a zoom call with me, I can go over everything in an interactive and professional and friendly manner. I am yet to have even the slightest discord this way, even if the result is that the person(s) stick to their current solution. I do not impose anything and fully respect everyone's method even though I offer new innovative vetted research. If someone has genuine interest, call me, simple solution. I can also schedule you for a slot on the next PTG zoom call. Several are upcoming. I can refer you to great people objectively using it, like Kent and Paul. I am sure they would be happy to address.

    Respectfully submitted,

    Steve



    ------------------------------
    Steven Norsworthy
    Cardiff By The Sea CA
    (619) 964-0101
    ------------------------------



  • 13.  RE: Dispelling the 'Myth' of the Missing Fundamental

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 02-06-2024 19:49
    My name appears to have come up during the discussion of PianoSens. I have no comments pending on this subject.

    Kent


    Sent from my iPad




  • 14.  RE: Dispelling the 'Myth' of the Missing Fundamental

    Posted 02-06-2024 19:57
    And I have not committed anyone publicly to any opinion or position on this. Peter Grey, from last night on CAUT, was the last one to weigh in with real experience and real results, since Paul McCloud’s experiences.

    Best,
    Steve




  • 15.  RE: Dispelling the 'Myth' of the Missing Fundamental

    Posted 02-08-2024 08:20

    Kent wrote: "My name appears to have come up during the discussion of PianoSens. I have no comments pending on this subject."

    I apologize for anything I wrote that was inappropriate or misleading.



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    Ed Sutton
    ed440@me.com
    (980) 254-7413
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