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overly reduced shank fix?

  • 1.  overly reduced shank fix?

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 10-14-2025 20:35

    Greetings all,

    I recently hung new hammers on a grand at the owner's request. It was slightly unusual situation in that he didn't want me to hang some samples to see how they sounded, and wouldn't let me voice the existing hammers. He just demanded I order these hammers and install them, period. He was happy for a week, then claimed they suddenly got too loud and is now demanding that I rehang the old hammers. Again, the customer won't consider any other measures I've suggested, including voicing the current hammers (which, in my opinion, sound beautiful), or trying any sound abatement treatment in the home or in the piano.  

    I've agreed to rehang the old hammers, but I have one concern: in order to hang the new set, I had to reduce the shanks a bit. The hole diameter was just too tight, especially since they weren't as precisely drilled as the factory set and I needed a little play for proper alignment. So, my worry is that the old hammers may be too loose for good structural integrity. (I haven't retrieved the action yet, but I want to be ready just in case...).

    If that were to be the case, are there any fixes for loose hammers? Can the shanks be swelled at all with moisture? Are there glues that might work better in this situation (better gap filling)? Currently I use Tightbond Quick & Thick to hang hammers. Of course, the ultimate solution would be new shanks, but I don't want to go there if necessary.

    I don't have the action back yet, and I'm hoping this won't be an issue. But I'm sure it must come up occasionally. Are there any quidelines for what you'd consider "too loose"?

    thanks!



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    Scott Cole, RPT
    rvpianotuner.com
    Talent, OR
    (541-601-9033
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  • 2.  RE: overly reduced shank fix?

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 10-14-2025 20:43

    I've never hung hammers before so my suggestion is probably crazy, but why not put a tiny split in the top of the shank and after reinstalling the new hammer just drive a tiny wedge in to that split to expand the shank?



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    Geoff Sykes, RPT
    Los Angeles CA
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  • 3.  RE: overly reduced shank fix?

    Posted 10-14-2025 21:24

    I use to use TB q & t. It's a pretty good gap filler judging by the big collars I've seen.

    -chris



    ------------------------------
    On the page, it looked....nothing.
    The beginning, simple, almost comic.
    Just a pulse - bassoons, basset horns, like a rusty squeezebox. And then suddenly, high above it..an oboe, hanging there unwavering, until a clarinet sweetened it into a phrase of such delight.
    This was no composition by a performing monkey!!

    865-986-7720 (text only please)
    ------------------------------



  • 4.  RE: overly reduced shank fix?

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 10-14-2025 21:40

    If he requested the hammers be rehung and chose the hammer and refused your suggestions about samples then I would tell him you can rehang the old hammers but it will require a new shank for reasons mentioned and I would charge for the parts and labor. You can leave him the new set, shanks attached, in case he changes his mind again.

    Customers who side step your expertise and make their own choices are responsible for the outcome. This is not your problem, but you can help him resolve it at his expense. I would also tell him that before he spends the money on putting it back as it was it makes more economic sense (for him) to try to voice it. What does he expect you to do with the new set?

    I run into this periodically, a customer who claims to know everything and knows nothing but what they read in some chat room. I usually walk away  

    What kind of piano, btw, and what hammer did he insist on?. 



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    David Love RPT
    www.davidlovepianos.com
    davidlovepianos@comcast.net
    415 407 8320
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  • 5.  RE: overly reduced shank fix?

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 10-14-2025 22:21
    I agree with David.  Did you promise to rehang the old hammers if he wasn't happy with the new ones?  I would ask him specifically what he doesn't like about the new hammers, after he liked what heard the first week? Thus might become a situation where he won't be happy no matter what you do. I had that happen to me in Hawaii, once. I got so tired of this lady telling me she wasn't happy with the new hammers after I worked on them over and over, that I just gave her back the money for the parts, and told her to call someone else. 

    Wim







  • 6.  RE: overly reduced shank fix?

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 10-14-2025 22:29

    I agree with David L. The rehung old hammers will almost certainly not go back on the way they were originally, it's much more difficult to hang ill fitting hammers. At minimum, you will have to file and shape them; so they probably won't sound like they did before in the piano. Then what? I wouldn't want to take responsibility for that, it's too problematic. Does the customer think it's like changing tires on a car? 

    With two hung hammer sets at least you can easily do side by side comparisons. This customer is costing you a lot of time just fielding their issues. Make it clear to them that they have to pay you to indulge them.

    Btw, this would have been a disaster for me as I cut the old hammers off when I'm replacing them.



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    Steven Rosenthal RPT
    Honolulu HI
    (808) 521-7129
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  • 7.  RE: overly reduced shank fix?

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 10-14-2025 23:37
    Thanks for the answers all, but what I was really looking for was how to fix a (possibly) overly reduced shank. I can deal with the customer.

    Any answers to my original question?

    --
    Scott Cole, RPT
    Editor, PTG Journal
    Serving Southern Oregon and Northern California
    (541)601-9033








  • 8.  RE: overly reduced shank fix?

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 10-15-2025 00:26

    How reduced is it?  I would say that going even from 3/16 to a 7/32 is not something I would want to do. But if you were determined to do it, I would just probably do what Chris suggested and use the Titebond trim glue, which is very thick, and hope you don't leave any gaps in there. The concern I have is shrinkage over time and those hammerheads coming loose. Might not happen, but it could. I suppose you could plug all the holes with dowels and re bore.  It's a little tricky with hammers that are already tapered, but you can do it. 



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    David Love RPT
    www.davidlovepianos.com
    davidlovepianos@comcast.net
    415 407 8320
    ------------------------------



  • 9.  RE: overly reduced shank fix?

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 10-15-2025 07:55

    Hi Scott,

    Tough situation. All of our hammers are custom bored and hung in the shop now but many years ago, when using pre-bored hammers, the boring was sometimes a little larger than desired. The quick fix that I learned as an intern was to stick the shank in my mouth, wet the end of the shank, remove excess liquid and hang the hammer. I don't know of any failures from that. Of course, it's all a matter of degree of the difference in shank diameter and size of bore but this generally worked.

    I hope this helps,

    AG



    ------------------------------
    Allan Gilreath, RPT
    Registered Piano Technician & President
    Allan Gilreath & Associates, Inc
    Calhoun, GA
    706-602-7667
    allan@allangilreath.com - www.allangilreath.com
    ------------------------------



  • 10.  RE: overly reduced shank fix?

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 10-15-2025 10:39
    Scott,
    I have replaced hammers on original shanks that were previously used, but still in good shape. The bore diameter in the hammerhead was large, too large for the shank, so I cut thin strips (at least as wide as the hammer moulding is deep) of glue activated packing tape, the same one that I use for travel paper. I did activate the glue, I don’t recall how many windings around the shank I did to accommodate the hole in the hammerhead, but this filled the gap adequately. I believe I let the paper glue dry before hanging the hammers.

    This piano is in a conservatory environment, played a dozen hours every day. All hammers are still tight and no loose joints or clicking hammer heads five years on.

    Joe Wiencek
    NYC




  • 11.  RE: overly reduced shank fix?

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 10-15-2025 18:51
    Hi Scott,
    I normally don’t post much but have to get this out: you clearly have a mess on your hands with this client and I have to say this is of your own making. You should have walked away from this from the beginning and it looks like you getting deeper into this by rehanging the old set. I don’t see a good outcome with the old set just a colossal waste of time and money. How bad can the new hammers be? Have you pre-voiced them, de-cupped them, aligned to strings, mated to strings? Part of a hammer job is always some amount of voicing but with a good set of hammers and all of the steps above you should get good results “out of the box” and after some playing in time some follow up voicing down the road. And all of this is at the customers expense.
    Good luck!

    Wolfgang Loentz
    Registered Piano Technician
    www.OakParkPiano.com
    (708) 280-1952




  • 12.  RE: overly reduced shank fix?

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 10-14-2025 23:37

    There is another option. I would take 2-3 of the old hammers: #16, #40, #64 (so those are all Cs).  I would hang those on some spare shanks you have, leave the new hammers in place, and then put those three old hammers back on and do a side by side comparison and voice the new hammers to where he wants them based on the old hammers rather than guess about what he's after (he doesn't know either btw).  Tell him you simply can't rehang the hammers back on the old shanks because of the modifications you had to make in order to spare him the cost of new shanks.  Explain that voicing is a moving target (along with tuning and regulation) and he has to expect to not only voice these new hammers to the kind of tone he likes but to maintain them as an ongoing part of servicing the piano.  I often use the analogy when explaining what's involved in piano servicing, that you can't expect your car to run well by just changing the oil and nothing else.  Most people get that.  

    Or, he can do what I suggested earlier.  I'm with Steve on this in that those old hammers would already be in the garbage.  

    I like to accommodate customers when they are reasonable, but this is not reasonable by pretty much any measure, certainly if he expects you to eat the cost of parts or labor.  If I talk someone into something (which I try not to do) that's one thing.  If they take it upon themselves to disregard your suggestions and make the decision themselves, then it's on them.  



    ------------------------------
    David Love RPT
    www.davidlovepianos.com
    davidlovepianos@comcast.net
    415 407 8320
    ------------------------------



  • 13.  RE: overly reduced shank fix?

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 10-15-2025 08:11

    If I was faced with this unfortunate scenario I would likely use thick gel CA, such as when using WNG CF shanks. BSI makes a similar concoction to Pacer. Extremely strong and gap filling, and of course can be solidified quickly with accelerator.  However...they ain't never comin' off again!

    Peter Grey Piano Doctor 



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    Peter Grey
    Stratham NH
    (603) 686-2395
    pianodoctor57@gmail.com
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  • 14.  RE: overly reduced shank fix?

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 10-15-2025 09:48

    Mr. Cole,

    I agree with Mr. Love and others that this is your customers problem and not yours.

    That said I have had this situation (with hammers not customers) multiple times.

    I've used Bolduc glue and Titebond Q&T with good results. Bolduc glue dries harder and is easier to reverse with heat. Titebond Q&T makes prettier glue collars but is rubbery and tough to remove from the shanks if you have to remove one or more hammers.

     My method is to use a 1/4" countersink lightly on the proximal side of the hammer to provide increased strength for the glue collar. I use a 3/16" piece of nylon rod to put glue in the holes of 5 hammers at a time and then use the same rod to put glue on 5 shanks. I then spin the hammers on and check alignment with a straight edge while I can still move the hammers. I have to move quickly as the glue sets faster than you'd think. I've not had any glue failures with this method and I've had multiple sets in service for years. The same technique will work with hide glue but I'm just not good at working with it.



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    Karl Roeder
    Pompano Beach FL
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  • 15.  RE: overly reduced shank fix?

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 10-16-2025 12:10

    Thanks all for the answers.

    I'm happy to report that I picked up the action yesterday, removed sample hammers, and found that, contrary to what I expected, the shanks are now perfectly tight on the hammers I need to install. It's not just old glue--it will still take a bit of shank reduction. So, new shanks are unnecessary.

    I'm not sure why this is, but I can imagine that moisture from the glue sizes the shanks.

    I still think, however, that exploring how to handle shanks that are too narrow (or possibly, hammers with too-large bore holes) could be the topic of some experimentation. I have plenty of old hammers and shanks--maybe I'll do my own experiments and see what works and what doesn't.

    Just a response to Karl: I did indeed use Titebond Quick & Thick on the current hammers. After applying heat with a hair-straightening iron for 1 minute, the glue came away very cleanly on both shanks and hammers. Previously, I actually had a little more trouble picking off the original Kawai factory glue, but with enough heat, even that can be peeled away from both hammer and shank without too much effort (as long as at least 1 minute of heat is applied).

    thanks again!



    ------------------------------
    Scott Cole, RPT
    rvpianotuner.com
    Talent, OR
    (541-601-9033
    ------------------------------



  • 16.  RE: overly reduced shank fix?

    Posted 10-17-2025 13:56
    Hello Scott,
    As an aside to your question, I'm always in favor of enlarging the hole in the hammer rather than to reduce the shank. This can be done accurately and quickly with a tapered reamer either by hand or in a hand drill.
    This will also leave a nice collar along with a clean glue joint at the end of the shank at the same time maintaining the integrity of the shank.,