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Another way to set let-off

  • 1.  Another way to set let-off

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 01-24-2018 01:28
    If you're like me, setting let-off on Baldwin style barrel let off buttons can be a real pain in the back especially when it requires a significant adjustment in the field.   Having to crane your neck to both see the let-off point and find the hole in the barrel in order to turn it can be a real hassle. 

    Here's one method to get the let-off roughed in very quickly and very accurately, and allowing you to set the action on top of the piano where adjustment can be made to the let off buttons easily and comfortably.  In this attached video I've used the key slip inserted under the hammers supporting the shanks. 

    First adjust the let-off on the end hammers of each section in the piano to function as your guides.  Then set the action on a blanket on top of the closed lid.  Insert the key slip under the hammers so that the key slip is supporting the shanks (not the hammer tails).  On this type of action the continuous hammer rest rail offers an easy way to support the keyslip.  Adjust the height of the keyslip by inserting a felt or rubber mutes between the keyslip and the hammer rest rail's threaded posts that stick up above the rest rail itself.  Adjust the height of the rail so that when you depress the key on the guide notes of each section, the shank rises just slightly and then falls back onto the keyslip.  You'll be able to see the shank barely rise and also hear the sound of the shank falling back on the keyslip.  You may have to make adjustments in the height of the keyslip from section to section but in this case I didn't.   Once you establish the keyslip level on your guide notes, you can adjust the rest of the keys to duplicate the rise and fall by both sight and sound. 

    See attached videos for a demonstration.  There are two videos, one is of an adjustment being made to duplicate the guide note, the other is after everything has been completed.    

    When you are done you can insert the action back in the piano and tweak as necessary.  The final adjustments needed should be relatively minor.  

    Of course be careful that the keyslip is not contacting anything that might scratch it.

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    David Love RPT
    www.davidlovepianos.com
    davidlovepianos@comcast.net
    415 407 8320
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  • 2.  RE: Another way to set let-off

    Posted 01-24-2018 08:15
    There is a better way. This way does not allow for differing hammer bore lengths (worn hammers), and just uses the shank as an index.

    The TautLne Regulation Guide (Pianotek - TLRG) quickly attaches via the bracket screws and the line is set to the sampled end hammers LO. The other hammers are then brought up to that line, maintaining an even LO distance from the string. The nice thing about it is that it weighs .7 oz and takes up no more room than a screw driver in your tool case. You can run through the LO and Drop in 20 minutes. Oh yeah, you can set the drop the needed distance from the line.  A 2-in-1 tool.  I set the drop distance such that the end of the rep lever and the jack Tender (or is it Fly) contact same-ol-timeously. This makes for a solid feel to the escapement.

    One thing to be certain of, measure the key dip in the piano and duplicate it with the action removed.​

    Another use for the tool which Jan Otto discovered is to move the line to the ends of the verticals. Now the verticals are handles holding the line to the bottom of the sounding board to check crown.  3-in-1 tool.

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    Regards,

    Jon Page
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  • 3.  RE: Another way to set let-off

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 01-24-2018 08:24
    Spurlock sold (sells?) a tool for setting let off this way. I've used it for years to rough in new parts or old actions really out of spec. It never occurred to me to use the keyslip. Very clever indeed.

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    Karl Roeder
    Pompano Beach FL
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  • 4.  RE: Another way to set let-off

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 01-24-2018 18:08
    I'm sure there are better ways and I do have one of those lines (thank you Mr Page for that!).  I found this pretty easy and very fast and you could do it by sound, didn't even really have to look at anything.  I also have the spurlock tool but I don't carry it with me, use it in the shop sometimes.  So using the key slip occurred to me on this job.  In this case the barrels needed a lot of adjustment  so having the action sitting right in front of me on the top of the piano made for a lot more neck and back comfort than peering inside that damn action cavity.

    Of course any outside the piano setting of let-off I find needs to be verified in the piano so I wasn't too worried about little variations in the bore distance.  In this case the variation was pretty minimal.

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    David Love RPT
    www.davidlovepianos.com
    davidlovepianos@comcast.net
    415 407 8320
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  • 5.  RE: Another way to set let-off

    Posted 01-24-2018 18:18
    I agree it's back breaking. That's why I made this tool. Spring loaded let off tool. It holds itself in place. After let off is set then I use my gravity drop tool on the bench.
    When it comes to let off, I prefer getting it done in the piano versus any clever bench jig. 

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    A hunter's drumbeat steers the stampeding herd,
    His belly growls in hunger to what he sees.
    The mammoth aware blows his mighty trumpet,
    But alas, the caveman tickles the ivories.

    chernobieffpiano.com
    865-986-7720
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  • 6.  RE: Another way to set let-off

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 01-25-2018 12:02
    Chris, 

    Your creativity is awesome! Keep up the good work!


    As far as setting let off in the piano, I prefer to use the Emil Fries 9 in 1 gauge, available from Schaff. The paper that came with it said it was made for a blind tech, so I figured it was best to learn to use it by feel. So I learned how to use it by feel, and have been very pleased with the results.

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    Benjamin Sanchez
    Professional Piano Services
    (805)315-8050
    www.professional-piano-services.com
    BenPianoPro@comcast.net
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  • 7.  RE: Another way to set let-off

    Posted 11-22-2025 21:50

    Ben, does the Fries gauge come with instructions as to all 9 portions of the gauge?



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    Cobrun Sells
    cobrun94@yahoo.com
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  • 8.  RE: Another way to set let-off

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 11-22-2025 23:59

    LaRoy Edwards' let off tool is pretty slick. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4EYb904oDpk

    Bolduc is selling a wood version of it. Doesn't look hard to make.

    https://shop.pianosbolduc.com/products/let-off-regulation-tool 



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    Steven Rosenthal RPT
    Honolulu HI
    (808) 521-7129
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  • 9.  RE: Another way to set let-off

    Posted 11-23-2025 01:37

    I've tried the Bolduc tool...the one I got from Bolduc the wooden portion contacting the hammer shanks was warped...I replaced it with aluminum and tried it...here were my results (see next post for video).

    The Bolduc tool is supposed to rest on section end hammer shoulders...but can't if the piano has a hammer rebound rail as the tool will rest on the rebound rail fasteners instead.

    I even ditched the square tube seen in the video...

    Now I just use a 0.5in or .75in width 12" and 16" long aluminum angle bar with plumbers sandpaper glued to one side. There's also an upright version of this by Renner...again BIG design flaw with the upright Renner let-off hammer shank tool...the aluminum stick they provide...the width is too wide for compact uprights and so I got an aluminum stick that wasm't as wide...which created a different problem...the shanks directly in front of the plastic nubs rested on the nubs and not on the aluminum stick.



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    Cobrun Sells
    cobrun94@yahoo.com
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  • 10.  RE: Another way to set let-off

    Posted 11-23-2025 01:44
      |   view attached

    This video file upload might work...



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    Cobrun Sells
    cobrun94@yahoo.com
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  • 11.  RE: Another way to set let-off

    Posted 11-24-2025 17:54

    I've been thinking about 3 of the different methods described in this conversation:

    1. Using a thin wire or Yamaha 3-in-1 gauge per every individual note is good for making every note accurately distant from it's strings...not all strings are lined up evenly (the trichord for A4 might be 0.5mm higher than the trichord for A#4 because of improperly installed agraffes...as an extreme example).

    2. Using the Tautline jig or a magnetic strip attached to the strings lines up the hammer crowns evenly at let-off...but again, the strings may not all be lined up evenly and even the hammer-crown-to-shank-distances may not be even...so even you you achieve level hammer crowns at let-off the shank angles may not be aligned evenly at let-off.

    3. Using the key slip (similarly, the Bolduc/LaRoy Edwards contraption...or a 12" stick of wood like Jim Busby does ["The Stick"]) aligns the shanks for even let-off but the hammer crowns may not be aligned evenly...again, due to inconsistent hammer-crown-to-shank-distances. AND the strings, again, may not all be aligned.

    Furthermore, using the keyslip for the entire piano is not the best idea since string heights can and will vary GLOBALLY per section (the entire bass section of strings may be 0.5mm away from keybed than the tenor section...as an example).

    Also, some sections of string heights may actually curve as opposed to being flat across/or linear...thus negating the Tautline or magnetic strip and any tool that rests under the hammer shanks.

    I know some suggest setting grand let-off via adjusting let-off first for blocking against the strings THEN scaling it back every note so that when you strike a note held with the sostenuto pedal at FFF and very quickly AND gently bring it back to let-off that it won't "zing" against it's vibrating strings. I wonder what inconsistencies come out of this method...perhaps technician not striking notes with the same rhythm and finesse every single time.



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    Cobrun Sells
    cobrun94@yahoo.com
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  • 12.  RE: Another way to set let-off

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 11-25-2025 08:46

    A lot has changed for me in the past seven years since this thread was started. I no longer use the Emil Fries gauge for let-off. It does come with instructions, but the part that's used for let-off is 1/8". When using a gauge, I prefer the Yamaha 3-in-1 gauge that Schaff sells. The point of the let-off part on that gauge is 1/16", which means I can use it on grands, and the body of the let-off part is 1/8", which means I can use it on uprights. That's now my preferred tool. 

    However, I don't always use the gauge. The late David Andersen taught me a method of setting let-off using touch. First, set blow distance so that the notes will be consistent when you play them. Set let-off on one note using the gauge. Then, gently and slowly press the key down to the point that you can feel the jack start to touch the let-off button. Feel exactly how much pressure you need to get that hammer to go through let-off when playing as quietly as you can. Go to the next note and try to replicate the same amount of pressure. If let-off doesn't occur, adjust the let-off button until it happens with the same amount of pressure as on the previous note. 

    On the surface, this method seems very subjective. With practice, it's not. It's by far the easiest and most consistent method of setting let-off that I've ever tried. I've set let-off quickly and easily at 1/8" in uprights, 1/16" in grands, and 1/32" in concert situations using this method. It's incredibly accurate and consistent, and it solves the string height problem Cobrun mentions. In pianos where I've done this, aftertouch has been very consistent too, much more consistent (I feel) than on pianos where I've used a different method that sets let-off based on an entire section. 



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    Benjamin Sanchez, RPT
    (256) 947-9999
    www.professional-piano-services.com
    www.FromZeroToSixFiguresBook.com
    www.PianoCraftTechnicalSchool.com
    ------------------------------



  • 13.  RE: Another way to set let-off

    Posted 11-25-2025 11:18
    Ben,

    That is an awesome method, I mean after all, it's what the pianist feels at ppp-mp dynamic range.

    If I could add to that:

    On grands, lightly shape/reshape/bolster individual knuckles IF needed to get worn knuckles to consistent shape. Reason? A flattened knuckle will elongate the LENGTH of let-off (from jack toe contact with let-off button to actual escapement of hammer as jack top becomes completely free from the knuckle)...all your jack toes may contact their let-off buttons all at the same exact keystroke distance BUT because of inconsistently worn/flattened knuckles some notes will having longer contact between the jack tops/knuckles as you continue through keystroke. Their exact point of escapement will all be inconsistent. Likewise, if you adjust for them all to escape at the same distance away from strings (if strings were all level and crown-to-shanks were all equidistant) then the point at which the jack toes contact their let-off buttons will all be inconsistent.

    So, adjust knuckle shapes first consistency first before adjusting let-off.

    I even lightly sand and iron the let-off buttons for consistent let-off button shape.




    Cobrun Sells
    505.402.6481
    cobrun94@yahoo.com







  • 14.  RE: Another way to set let-off

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 11-25-2025 13:11

    Excellent point Cobrun. Thanks for pointing that out.

    I want to highlight something you wrote:

    "That is an awesome method, I mean after all, it's what the pianist feels at ppp-mp dynamic range."

    That right there is gold, and it was the underlying principle behind much of David Andersen's methods. He would say over and over that the human body is a miracle super-computer that's able to comprehend incredibly fine details. The work we do is for pianists who are these miraculous super-computers who know the fine details in their bodies, even if they can't articulate them. Accordingly, everything we do should be filtered through their eyes and their hands. Something may be technically right but if it's not right to the pianist, it's not right. Ultimately, the best way to ensure quality is to view our work through the eyes and hands of a pianist. That's very possible to do with practice, even for technicians who don't play the piano. 



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    Benjamin Sanchez, RPT
    (256) 947-9999
    www.professional-piano-services.com
    www.FromZeroToSixFiguresBook.com
    www.PianoCraftTechnicalSchool.com
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