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mix key bushing cloth sizes?

  • 1.  mix key bushing cloth sizes?

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 07-15-2023 20:47

    Has anyone every mixed two different sizes of bushing cloth for key bushings? On my current rebushing job, medium thin is too thin, and medium is too thick.

    I suppose I can ease the medium down, but just wondering if there's an issue with mixing sizes. Would it really change the regulation?



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    Scott Cole, RPT
    rvpianotuner.com
    Talent, OR
    (541-601-9033
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  • 2.  RE: mix key bushing cloth sizes?

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 07-15-2023 21:04

    If you want to try, use thinner cloth on one side, thicker on the other.  Split the difference.  On the balance rail bushings, it might cause the key to lean, but probably not much.  On the front rail, use the same size on left or right in case the keys are skewed by thicker on one side or the other.  I would use the key bushing cauls to size the mortise before using the bushing cloth to ensure you have the correct bushing dimension.  Good luck.



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    Paul McCloud, RPT
    Accutone Piano Service
    www.AccutonePianoService.com
    pavadasa@gmail.com
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  • 3.  RE: mix key bushing cloth sizes?

    Member
    Posted 07-16-2023 10:03

    are you sure you have the correct cloth for the key pin and that you miked the key pin properly ? It seems you would get uneven wear and perhaps pre-mature side play and noise and that the key front would move toward the thinner cloth. Maybe Jurgen has some ideas and you need some weird sized bushing cloth. I send most of my key bushing work to Walker Key Services in Kentucky. They also may have some ideas



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    James Kelly
    Owner- Fur Elise Piano Service
    Pawleys Island SC
    (843) 325-4357
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  • 4.  RE: mix key bushing cloth sizes?

    Posted 07-17-2023 10:55
    If you use cloth that is .5 mm size difference, it moves the front sideways .25 mm. At the capstan, its movement is half again. You won't notice that much but you should always space the keys after a bushing job
    Buy the right size cloth from Erwin's Pianoforte. They have the best quality cloth in 1/2 mm increments. I measure a few of the mortises to get an average. 
    Then subtract the pin size and divide in half. 
    Because the glue shrinks and draws the cloth away from the pin as it dries, you have to add 1/2 mm to the total of the cloth before you divide it in half. 

    I experimented and I found it takes a full day for the glue to fully cure and shrink. You will notice the final cauls are snug when you glue them in. The next day you turn them over and some of the cauls will almost fall out on their own. This is perfect for the front rail. I use hot hide glue (so much easier to fix a bad one). All but a few glues shrink as they dry so the formula is about the same. Always do samples and wait until the glue fully cures before inspecting

    The proof is in the pudding. I just tuned up a piano I did the key bushings on. It is a year later and there is no slop in the keys. They feel awesome,, no sluggishness. 
    You can use cheaper cloth but to me, how the keys move is of the utmost importance. 






  • 5.  RE: mix key bushing cloth sizes?

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 07-16-2023 10:19
    There are in-between sizes too:  medium thin, medium thick.  Numbered 1 through 9.





  • 6.  RE: mix key bushing cloth sizes?

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 07-16-2023 12:37

    Did you use sizing cauls?  Makes a big difference.



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    Parker Leigh
    Winchester VA
    (540) 722-3865
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  • 7.  RE: mix key bushing cloth sizes?

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 07-16-2023 12:48

    Scott,

    Based on some of the replies you have received, I feel compelled to ask if your perceived need for two different sizes of bushing cloth on each key is based on a mathematical calculation or on having actually tried out that configuration on a key and found it to be the best fit.

    Best, 

    Alan 



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    Alan Eder, RPT
    Herb Alpert School of Music
    California Institute of the Arts
    Valencia, CA
    661.904.6483
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  • 8.  RE: mix key bushing cloth sizes?

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 07-16-2023 16:21
    Hi Alan,
    this was based on tests, not math. Med thin too loose, medium too tight.
    Scott




  • 9.  RE: mix key bushing cloth sizes?

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 07-16-2023 19:41

    Have you checked your bushing cloth with a micrometer?  Often cloth varies widely.   Highly recommend using sizing cauls and heated AccuCauls.



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    Parker Leigh
    Winchester VA
    (540) 722-3865
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  • 10.  RE: mix key bushing cloth sizes?

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 07-16-2023 20:28
    I can't measure felt thickness with anything else than this.  Consistent spring tension pressing on the plates provides accurate and repeatable results. 
    image.png
    Allan Sutton, m.mus. RPT, TEC
    www.pianotechniquemontreal.com





  • 11.  RE: mix key bushing cloth sizes?

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 07-17-2023 06:19

    Scott

    There is no problem using different sizes in my experience of doing many sets. That said, it's not ideal. There are many thicknesses as you are probably well aware; but different suppliers have different sizes for the same size designation.  Medium is not a standard. Schaff, Renner, and Pianotek have(had) different sizes for the same designation. In time, if you do enough of this work, you collect them all. In the meantime you do what you have to do to get the job done. 

    A couple other things to keep in mind: sizing cauls are critical for a consistent job. Make sure your front pins are squared up. VS Pro will even out most problems. There is always some easing and fitting in the end.

    Best wishes,
    Stewart



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    Stewart Freedman, RPT
    Freedman Piano Service
    Akron, OH
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  • 12.  RE: mix key bushing cloth sizes?

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 07-16-2023 16:20
    Oh yeah--have the full Spurlock set.




  • 13.  RE: mix key bushing cloth sizes?

    Posted 07-16-2023 18:26

    Bill Spurlock recommended doing this when necessary to get a good fit.

    Check his articles and you may find it in print.



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    Ed Sutton
    ed440@me.com
    (980) 254-7413
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  • 14.  RE: mix key bushing cloth sizes?

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 07-17-2023 14:58

    My experience with measurements in key bushing has led me to not put a lot of faith in them.  There are several imponderables that can have a noticeable effect on the end results.  The hardness of the wood, both in the key sticks for the front rail and in the key buttons for the balance rail; the kind of glue you use; how well sized the bushing cloth is; what process you used to remove the old bushings. . .all these things can affect the finished result.   For that reason I do samples of different size cloth.   It's not just more reliable, it's also faster--though not in the sense that you get instant results.   You still have to wait for the bushing cauls to come out (24 hours) and then a day for the cloth to settle, but in the meantime you can move on to other stuff. The longer you leave the cauls in the more stable and uniform the result.   On the other hand, if I have a set of keys where there is a lot of variation in the mortises due to wear or degraded wood, I'll take the cauls out sooner for a tighter fit and even everything out by easing the keys. Where the mortises exhibit a lot of difference it's usually because the word itself is spongy.

    There are other things that are important to achieving a uniform result.  When I buy bushing cloth I buy a large quantity of it because even the cloth of the same supplier will vary in thickness over time.  ( Keep in mind you'll seldom need the thin and I only use the thick under duress because it's prone to swell under humid conditions.) Likewise I stick to the glue I prefer, because I'm used to working with it and it gives a predictable result.  



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    Cecil Snyder RPT
    Torrance CA
    (310) 542-7108
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  • 15.  RE: mix key bushing cloth sizes?

    Posted 07-17-2023 18:45
      |   view attached

    This card is at the top of my bushing cloth bin. It enables me to quickly test and decide on the best thickness for the job. Hopefully I have a lifetime supply of Pianotek cloth, since I am also out of business!



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    Ed Sutton
    ed440@me.com
    (980) 254-7413
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  • 16.  RE: mix key bushing cloth sizes?

    Posted 07-19-2023 15:04

    I made a mistake,, oops, the cloth from Pianoforte comes in 1/10 millimeter increments. The total shrinkage is still the same so after dividing in half the (mortise-pinsize), you add .25 per side. The amount of water that dries out of the glue is what you are guessing. Cecil's post that says the type of wood makes a difference is very true. Plus, as said, letting the bushings cure another day after removing the cauls is needed. I find where I live the humidity levels are so low the dry time is cut in half. 

    This method puts you in the ballpark where the easing is not excessive and easing probably helps create a solid platform for the cloth instead of crushing too much wood.

    I just got some new storage bags, I have enough of each size cloth to do a full set of keys. I always seem to get the weird ones. 



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    Keith Roberts
    owner
    Hathaway Pines CA
    (209) 770-4312
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  • 17.  RE: mix key bushing cloth sizes?

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 07-22-2023 18:46

    Scott,

    Yes, I have used two different thicknesses of bushing cloth for a bushing job many years ago. It worked fine and I did not identify any problems afterwards.

    Jp



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    John Parham, RPT
    Hickory, NC
    828-244-2487
    john440@me.com
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