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S&S "B" rescale...

  • 1.  S&S "B" rescale...

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 08-11-2024 11:05
    Anybody out there have a scale to fix the standard wonkiness in the low tenor of a Steinway B using Paullelo wire?

    Keith Akins, RPT
    Piano Technologist
    715/775-0022 Mon-Sat 9a-9p
    Find me on LinkedIn


  • 2.  RE: S&S "B" rescale...

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 08-11-2024 13:06

    Paulello has a S&S B scale on his site. It's a bit hard to find on there, they'll happily send you the link, just ask.



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    Patrick Draine RPT
    Billerica MA
    (978) 663-9690
    ------------------------------



  • 3.  RE: S&S "B" rescale...

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 08-11-2024 16:47

    Keith,

    What I have done several times now is change to type 0 up to about halfway through the #17 wire range, finding a convenient changeover point to my usual wire Mapes International Gold, and take that to the top.  However, since the Paulello is metric I step the metric sizes up one size to more closely resemble the American gauge. 

    On one B I think I recall stepping up another size for the first three notes in the tenor with Puresound SS wire, then on to Paulello, then Mapes. Of course if you have all Paulello wire you'd probably use type M instead of the Mapes. 

    Pretty much seat of the pants type stuff here. But it's turned out pretty good so far.

    Peter Grey Piano Doctor 



    ------------------------------
    Peter Grey
    Stratham NH
    (603) 686-2395
    pianodoctor57@gmail.com
    ------------------------------



  • 4.  RE: S&S "B" rescale...

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 08-11-2024 17:22
    Thanks for the replies so far....

    Peter.. that is that kind of thing I'm looking for. 
    I have the Pscale software--which I often use for conventional scales-- and have re-scaled a 7.5' Blasius (good piano!) using a combination of Pscale and Paullelo's scaling widget to arrive at a hybrid scale that worked quite well. I'm sure I could do that for the S&S B, too, but I'm more interested in seeing scales that have actually been used in the real world rather than merely calculating something which "ought to" sound good. 

    (BTW, I get the Paullelo wire from JD Grandt in Ontario)

    --Keith

    Keith Akins, RPT
    Piano Technologist
    715/775-0022 Mon-Sat 9a-9p
    Find me on LinkedIn





  • 5.  RE: S&S "B" rescale...

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 08-11-2024 18:51

    So far this tactic has worked very well on this model...and other SS scales too. 

    Peter Grey Piano Doctor 



    ------------------------------
    Peter Grey
    Stratham NH
    (603) 686-2395
    pianodoctor57@gmail.com
    ------------------------------



  • 6.  RE: S&S "B" rescale...

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 08-12-2024 10:54
      |   view attached

    I don't think I would up the Paulello wire gauge 1/2 size as that would raise the Inharmonicity. I'll attempt to upload that Paulello Stein B chart.



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    Tremaine Parsons RPT
    Georgetown CA
    (530) 333-9299
    ------------------------------



  • 7.  RE: S&S "B" rescale...

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 08-13-2024 18:55

    Tremaine,

    My goal is to match (as closely as reasonably possible) the original scale but improve the wire performance in the low tenor. 

    Peter Grey Piano Doctor 



    ------------------------------
    Peter Grey
    Stratham NH
    (603) 686-2395
    pianodoctor57@gmail.com
    ------------------------------



  • 8.  RE: S&S "B" rescale...

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 08-13-2024 20:16
      |   view attached

    I realize that many techs restringing American pianos routinely go up 1/2 gauge size because the wire diameters are a little closer to decimal in the larger wire sizes. I did not know this until a few years ago and I always preferred to think in the same gauge sizes with the understanding that the wire diameter was slightly smaller. On that note I'm attaching the spec sheet for Mapes IGS wire.



    ------------------------------
    Tremaine Parsons RPT
    Georgetown CA
    (530) 333-9299
    ------------------------------

    Attachment(s)



  • 9.  RE: S&S "B" rescale...

    Posted 08-15-2024 04:31

    ABACUS © https://www.arnopianos.com/price-list

    Paullelo

    Paulello's official website also has a calculation table

    https://www.stephenpaulello.com/en/typogramme



    ------------------------------
    Zhanxi Huang
    Benxi
    86-18741420582
    ------------------------------



  • 10.  RE: S&S "B" rescale...

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 08-27-2024 09:04

    Keith,

    I just revised a Model L scale according to my "seat-of-the-pants" style (though I do have some proprietary software to assist me). It incorporates some Paulello wire and puresound wire, and some "stepping up" of certain gauges. When the piano is finished I'll give you a report on success or failure. If a complete success it may be of assistance to you. 

    Peter Grey Piano Doctor 



    ------------------------------
    Peter Grey
    Stratham NH
    (603) 686-2395
    pianodoctor57@gmail.com
    ------------------------------



  • 11.  RE: S&S "B" rescale...

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 08-27-2024 10:05
    Thanks, Peter -- and to all who have contributed.

    Keith Akins, RPT
    Piano Technologist
    715/775-0022 Mon-Sat 9a-9p
    Find me on LinkedIn





  • 12.  RE: S&S "B" rescale...

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 08-28-2024 05:08

    No one has mentioned the use of type 1 Paulello wire at the bottom of the tenor, although you will see it on Paulello's own scaling for a Steinway B.  No one has mentioned breaking percentage (as in Paulello's Practical Breaking Load (PBL)) despite the fact that it is the foremost consideration in hybrid scaling and the guiding principle. I virtually always use Type 1 in the low tenor because it raises the breaking percentages to the target percentage of best tone, and best serves to break the break to the top bass note.



    ------------------------------
    William Truitt RPT
    Bridgewater NH
    (603) 744-2277
    ------------------------------



  • 13.  RE: S&S "B" rescale...

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 08-28-2024 08:27

    Will,

    In fact I "toyed" with the type 1 wire in revising this particular scale but in the end seemed to get a better compromise in tension and BP (on "paper" of course) with the Puresound. Having had success with it before I figured it was worth a (slightly risky) shot. The proof will be in the "pudding" as the saying goes (although I don't even know the etymology of that expression). Some years back I did similarly on a B and it was quite satisfactory.

    We shall see. I do not claim to be expert in this department in any way. However thus far I have not found the need to go back and change anything. 

    EDIT: Another little tidbit on this piano is (no big surprise) that I had to re-sculpt the capo bar from a very pronounced U shape to the more desirable V shape.  It was pretty bad across most of it. Only the top 6 notes actually benefited from a V shape straight from the factory in 1970. 

    Peter Grey Piano Doctor 



    ------------------------------
    Peter Grey
    Stratham NH
    (603) 686-2395
    pianodoctor57@gmail.com
    ------------------------------



  • 14.  RE: S&S "B" rescale...

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 08-28-2024 01:23

    Peter,

    Today I destrung an L.  There were  12 #17 unisons and 8 #18, but no 17 1/2 or 18 1/2.  I would love to hear suggestions on better stringing scales for this.



    ------------------------------
    Blaine Hebert RPT
    Duarte CA
    (626) 390-0512
    ------------------------------



  • 15.  RE: S&S "B" rescale...

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 08-28-2024 09:31

    You could take the bottom 6 notes of your course of # 17 and change to # 17 1/2 That would be notes 35 through 40

    You could also do notes 27 and 28 in Paulello Type 1 and notes 29 through 34 in Paulello Type 0

    There is slightly lower tension if you are stringing with Roslau or Mapes Intl Gold as they are Metric and slightly smaller in diameter. Some Techs go up a 1/2 gauge size across the board when converting from decimal to metric. I personally do not as it is easier for me to think in the same gauge numbers.



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    Tremaine Parsons RPT
    Georgetown CA
    (530) 333-9299
    ------------------------------



  • 16.  RE: S&S "B" rescale...

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 08-28-2024 09:51

    Also, in from Reno. I heard from a European Tool Designer that Paulello Type 2 is being discontinued and that Paulello Nickel Plated Wire, in general, is subject to more breakage. I have no idea if this breakage is substantiated elsewhere.



    ------------------------------
    Tremaine Parsons RPT
    Georgetown CA
    (530) 333-9299
    ------------------------------



  • 17.  RE: S&S "B" rescale...

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 08-29-2024 01:21

    What would be the effect of going up to 18 1/2 on the last 4 or even 19 on the last two unisons (on an L)?



    ------------------------------
    Blaine Hebert RPT
    Duarte CA
    (626) 390-0512
    ------------------------------



  • 18.  RE: S&S "B" rescale...

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 08-29-2024 22:47
      |   view attached

    Blaine,

    I have attached a photo of my spreadsheet showing revised scale data for this 1970 Model L. You should be able to decipher it all. You might want to compare your speaking lengths with mine here in the 3rd column.  The double line is the break, and the check marks are the notes currently strung. Much more should get done tomorrow afternoon...maybe all of it. I'm waiting at the moment for my bass strings coming from Hellerbass. 

    Peter Grey Piano Doctor 



    ------------------------------
    Peter Grey
    Stratham NH
    (603) 686-2395
    pianodoctor57@gmail.com
    ------------------------------



  • 19.  RE: S&S "B" rescale...

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 08-30-2024 00:39

    The problem isn't the size of the wire, it's the BP%.  Increasing the wire diameter doesn't increase the BP%.  While you have to increase the tension to achieve the same frequency when the wire diameter increases, that same increases in diameter also keeps the BP% steady.  I agree with Tremaine, using Paulello wire as he suggests in those lower notes will raise the BP% and help with the tonal issues. 

    The main problem is the hockey-sticking of the bridge and deviating from the log progression that keeps things in order.  The model A tries to addresse that problem with 5 wrapped bichords.  The other issue is the leap to the high tension across the tenor bass break which, when combined with the top end of the bass bridge proximity to the rim (farther away than note 27) causes that note to boom in comparison.  There are design features that can be modified like lengthening the bridge extension at the top end there but it only helps.  One is simply dealing with a break in the scale that can't fully be solved, just made somewhat better, or less bad.  



    ------------------------------
    David Love RPT
    www.davidlovepianos.com
    davidlovepianos@comcast.net
    415 407 8320
    ------------------------------



  • 20.  RE: S&S "B" rescale...

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 08-30-2024 01:43

    Ignorant beginner here:

    I know that increasing wire size doesn't change BP, only tension.  If using Pauletto wire changes the BP then either Pauletto wire is significantly heavier or it has a lower breaking point.

    How does that work?



    ------------------------------
    Blaine Hebert RPT
    Duarte CA
    (626) 390-0512
    ------------------------------



  • 21.  RE: S&S "B" rescale...

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 08-30-2024 05:18

    Hi Blaine.

    Thinking of the tenor near the break, typically the BP% is too low.  Subbing a larger wire will increase the tension but lower the BP%.  In other words, take it in the wrong direction. 

    Lower breaking point?  Yup.  = higher BP%  Type O is weaker than Type M (equivalent to Roslau or Mapes).  Type 1 weaker still.  That's the whole point.  Without changing wire size, you can create very audible improvements in tone simply by using the weaker wire types.  

    As David Love indicates, doing these substitutions does not take you all the way in addressing design issues.  But we have moved the goalposts in our favor.

    We have not begun to address  hybrid scaling in the bass, where it is far more interesting and the tools more powerful.

     



    ------------------------------
    William Truitt RPT
    Bridgewater NH
    (603) 744-2277
    ------------------------------



  • 22.  RE: S&S "B" rescale...

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 08-30-2024 09:27

    I hope everyone understands that Mapes Gold is metric wire. Spec Sheet is attached to post 8. Steinway L Original below. (BP%, Tension, and Inh)



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    Tremaine Parsons RPT
    Georgetown CA
    (530) 333-9299
    ------------------------------



  • 23.  RE: S&S "B" rescale...

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 08-30-2024 10:55
      |   view attached

    Just an FYI for those who might not know. Metric piano wire by the same gauge number is between .0005 and .0008 smaller than decimal wire up to .050

    .051 is .0002 different and .053, .055, .057 and up are .0001 different. See attached spreadsheet. Raising wire diameter will raise tension and also raise Inharmonicity.



    ------------------------------
    Tremaine Parsons RPT
    Georgetown CA
    (530) 333-9299
    ------------------------------

    Attachment(s)



  • 24.  RE: S&S "B" rescale...

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 08-30-2024 18:50

    Tremaine, 

    Oddly enough though, I have long found their wire to be extremely close to "right on the money" as far as ASW gauge sizes. Rarely have I found deviation more than .0003". 

    Am I correct in that I heard that the wire is actually produced in Switzerland? 

    Peter Grey Piano Doctor 



    ------------------------------
    Peter Grey
    Stratham NH
    (603) 686-2395
    pianodoctor57@gmail.com
    ------------------------------



  • 25.  RE: S&S "B" rescale...

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 08-30-2024 20:16

    I have no idea where the wire is made. I'm just going by the spec sheet I attached to post # 8. Interesting that that spec sheet demands tolerances +- 0.01mm which is .00039 inches.



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    Tremaine Parsons RPT
    Georgetown CA
    (530) 333-9299
    ------------------------------



  • 26.  RE: S&S "B" rescale...

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 08-31-2024 02:07

    Nope, it will not lower the BP%.  Increasing the diameter increases the tension but the increased diameter also means it's stronger so its BP% actually doesn't change.



    ------------------------------
    David Love RPT
    www.davidlovepianos.com
    davidlovepianos@comcast.net
    415 407 8320
    ------------------------------



  • 27.  RE: S&S "B" rescale...

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 08-31-2024 02:30

    From my scaling spreadsheet

    A# - 2 26 1202.0 1202.0 47.3 40 0 17.5 3 0 97 292 24%

    A# - 2 26 1202.0 1202.0 47.3 44 0 19.5 3 0 118 353 24%

    A# - 2 26 1202.0 1435.0 56.5 40 0 17.5 3 0 139 416 34%

    1st example  note 26,                   speaking length 1202mm, wire gauge 17.5, tension 97lbs (single string),  BP% 24

    2nd example                                 speaking length 1202mm, wire gauge 19.5, tension 118lbs (single string), BP% 24

    3rd example                                  speaking length 1435mm, wire gauge 17.5, tension 139lbs (single string), BP% 34 

    Showing that to get note 26 up to about the same tension as C4 on this piano you would have to increase the speaking length by 233mm!

    Damn those hockey stick bridges.



    ------------------------------
    David Love RPT
    www.davidlovepianos.com
    davidlovepianos@comcast.net
    415 407 8320
    ------------------------------



  • 28.  RE: S&S "B" rescale...

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 08-31-2024 02:05

    It looks like you're getting some answers there, I assume it's the wire composition but I don't know the specifics.



    ------------------------------
    David Love RPT
    www.davidlovepianos.com
    davidlovepianos@comcast.net
    415 407 8320
    ------------------------------



  • 29.  RE: S&S "B" rescale...

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 08-31-2024 11:11

    I have heard that Paulello has the wire made by a small manufacturer in Germany, that may just mean my rumor is as good as your rumor.  As for the composition of the wire, I have never seen anything about what the wire is made of.  Stephen does not say.  It is drawn more slowly through more dies. that may have some effect on the fact the wire stabilizes  more quickly than Roslau or Mapes.  In handling, XM wire (strongest) is stiffer and hard to handle, M feels about the same in the hand as Mapes or Roslau, 0 is more flexible, and 1 is the most flexible.  The breaking percentages vary for each of the types of the same diameter, established by testing.  (All else being equal).



    ------------------------------
    William Truitt RPT
    Bridgewater NH
    (603) 744-2277
    ------------------------------



  • 30.  RE: S&S "B" rescale...

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 09-10-2024 15:58

    Keith,

    I promised you an update on the L with a slightly modified scale design. It is now all strung and up to 443hz and it is sounding great! I'm not going to change a thing. The changes I made were essentially triggered by comparing this scale with that of a Mason and Hamlin A that I recently completed. The tension was a bit higher in the tenor area and some of the string lengths were actually shorter than on this scale so I figured I could easily stand some increase on this one. I'm very happy with the results. You have the data. Probably not applicable to your B, but I wanted to let you know how this one turned out. 

    Peter Grey Piano Doctor 



    ------------------------------
    Peter Grey
    Stratham NH
    (603) 686-2395
    pianodoctor57@gmail.com
    ------------------------------



  • 31.  RE: S&S "B" rescale...

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 09-11-2024 00:17

    Please hurry with the re-scale, I am holding my breath, but can't hold out too much longer!



    ------------------------------
    Blaine Hebert RPT
    Duarte CA
    (626) 390-0512
    ------------------------------



  • 32.  RE: S&S "B" rescale...

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 09-11-2024 07:54

    Blaine,

    I posted a photo of my spreadsheet showing all the relevant data a bit over a  week ago. If you can't make it out sufficiently I can send it to you privately. 

    Edit: Post #18

    Alternatively if you'd like to send me your string lengths in mm I can compare them to mine and plug them in. Of course, to get similar results you'd need to be stocked with several sizes of Paulello 0 wire (I'm sure you don't have any Puresound wire but you could continue with Paulello to the break just as well).

    I used Hellerbass for the bass strings and had him make German eye loops for the lowest 8 strings. 

    Peter Grey Piano Doctor 



    ------------------------------
    Peter Grey
    Stratham NH
    (603) 686-2395
    pianodoctor57@gmail.com
    ------------------------------