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A432

  • 1.  A432

    Posted 20 days ago

    A client called me and said she would like for me to tune her piano to A432 and she wants some other instruments (dulcimer, hammer dulcimer, guitar)  tuned to A432..I am thinking she wants a really "old fashioned sounding" Christmas.  I have never tuned a piano to A432 and since I tune aurally, could I just find an app that would transmit that tone and I would tune the piano down to it?  In 38 years, no one has ever asked me to do this and I tried to discourage her a bit on it, but she seems determined.

    What do you all suggest?  I may decline to do this as I do not want to mess up her piano.



    ------------------------------
    Patrick Greene
    OWNER
    Knoxville TN
    (865) 384-6582
    ------------------------------


  • 2.  RE: A432

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 20 days ago
    I once had a client request 432. She was primarily a violin teacher. As such, she was training her students' ears to non-standard pitch. I refused the job, even though I'd driven an hour to get there. I felt it was indefensible that she was imposing her (to me) hare-brained ideas on her students, under the guise of being a "teacher".  In this world, there is no rational reason to impose such poppy-cock on future musicians. 
       If your client only wants it for herself, you should inform her that tuning it flat of the designed tension will negatively affect the tone of not only her piano, but all her other string instruments as well. If she wants it anyway, tell her it will cost extra to lower it, and if she decides she doesn't like it, extra to return it to standard pitch. If that doesn't dissuade her, then it's up to you to decide whether you want to go down that rabbit hole. 
       Just my opinion, of course. 

    Mark Schecter, RPT
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  • 3.  RE: A432

    Posted 20 days ago

    Hello Mark,

    I feel the same way.  I did charge $100 extra for the other instruments, but now I am thinking this is a bad idea.

    I am ok with losing her as a customer because I think I will avoid a lawsuit!



    ------------------------------
    Patrick Greene
    OWNER
    Knoxville TN
    (865) 384-6582
    ------------------------------



  • 4.  RE: A432

    Posted 20 days ago
    The reason why 432 is a fad at the moment is that people are thinking that the music is harsh and the assumption is that it derives from higher pitch.

    As we know this is a fallacy. Rudolph Steiner was writing about it and it has taken hold among those who considered him the authority on things that the modern world doesn't see

    Unfortunately he didn't know better: it's not the pitch of 440 which puts people on edge but the tuning based on the irrational 12th root of 2. The vibrations are constantly moving and grating and add to this another aspect of ET tuning methodology all the sound is at sea

    When one tunes unequally and harmonically with coincident relationships between notes, calm is found in the home keys 

    I tune at a Steiner Christian Community church and once I explained this, they and I haven't looked back

    If you can tune Kellner for her she'll find delight at 440

    Currently I have a problem with an instrument which dropped to 435 and sounded horrible, woody in tte treble. It was made for high pitch and I'm experimenting taking it up first to 438, still sounding horrible and will take it up to 442 or 444 if necessary 

    Some instruments don't find happiness at low pitch

    The only exception to my opinion if the 432 syndrome was a pro violinist who found that coming down from 440, engaging a different harmonic series, her tinnitus wasn't excited

    Best wishes 

    David P

    - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
    David Pinnegar, B.Sc., A.R.C.S.
    - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
    +44 7868385643







  • 5.  RE: A432

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 20 days ago

    Below are the reasons people choose 432 according to chat gpt and also what I've read.  Steiner is credited with saying the A=440 Hz standard is"Luciferian" and claimed it was responsible for creating discord and separating human consciousness from the body but there is no historical record for this. He did say that C= 128hz is part of the 'scientific' or 'philosopher's pitch standard as they were all divisible by 8 (the number of planets orbiting the sun as believed in Steiner's time). But he did not advocate it for use as a musical application. This view was held by others for 100's of years including Chladni and even Verdi. 

    It's speculated modern proponents extrapolated Steiner's advocacy of A432 because it align's with C128hz (if the tuning is equal temperament.)

    Chat GPT says:
    Why people choose 432 Hz:
    • Natural Harmony: A belief that 432 Hz resonates with natural frequencies, creating a more harmonious, soulful, and less jarring sound than the sharper 440 Hz standard.
    • Relaxation & Healing: It's thought to induce calm, reduce stress, and promote wellbeing, with some claiming it lowers heart rate and connects to universal peace.
    • Historical & Spiritual Connection: Some believe it's a return to older, more "correct" tunings from before A=440 became the global standard, aligning with Pythagorean principles and universal patterns.
    • Warmer Sound: It produces a richer, warmer, and more mellow tone, which some find more pleasing, especially for certain types of music or meditative practices. 

    I did it once for someone. Lowering the pitch over 30 cents is not a fun or easy task, if you don't overshoot the target it will creep back up unless you do several passes. Then again, you might ask when the piano was tuned last. There are plenty of pianos that are at that pitch or lower due to neglect, her piano might already be closer to 432 than 440.



    ------------------------------
    Steven Rosenthal RPT
    Honolulu HI
    (808) 521-7129
    ------------------------------



  • 6.  RE: A432

    Posted 20 days ago
    Steven - thanks for that but actually ChatGPT doesn't know everything, isn't always right, and often claims to be able to do things that it does not.

    I happen to live only 3 miles from a village in Sussex called Forest Row where there is a Steiner School, a Steiner agricultural college as well as the Christian Community Centre where I tune, and the same distance from East Grinstead where there is the Anthroposophical Peredur Centre for the Arts, and tune at the Marylebone Steiner centre in London

    Accordingly I'm somewhat familiar with Steiner people with whom I've socialised for over 40 years and Steiner teachings. 

    Before the internet I was aware of a book of his teachings which referred to an experiment where an audience was exposed to 440 pitch music and were stressed, and 432 music with the effect of them being calm. And of course, in the knowledge that we now have through the interaction of key with the harmonic tuning of unequal temperament, Steiner hadn't the specifics of what was making an audience stressed.

    Looking for references

    Steiner actually refers to the Piano as a Philistine instrument on account of its irrational tuning - having no clue that unequal tuning schemes could solve his objection: https://rsarchive.org/Lectures/GA283/English/AP1983/19230308p01.html
    "the piano, however, in which the tones are abstractly lined up next to each other, is created only in the physical world by man. All instruments like the flute or violin originate musically from the higher world. A piano is like the Philistine who no longer contains within him the higher human being. The piano is the Philistine instrument. It is fortunate that there is such an instrument, or else the Philistine would have no music at all. The piano arises out of a materialistic experience of music. It is therefore the instrument that can be used most conveniently to evoke the musical element within the material realm. Pure matter was put to use so that the piano could become an expression of the musical element. Naturally, the piano is a beneficial instrument-otherwise, we would have to rely from the beginning on the spiritual in musical instruction in our materialistic age-but it is the one instrument that actually, in a musical sense, must be overcome. Man must get away from the impressions of the piano if he wishes to experience the actual musical element."

    Unfortunately on https://rsarchive.org/Books/ I can't find the reference to pitch but am aware of his opinions which he expressed in one of his lectures or publications and was taken further by Maria Renold.

    The bottom line is to explain to any 432 client the origins for Steiner's opinion being stressed and relaxed, and the real answer is not to change 440 but to break away from 12root2 tuning into unequal temperament. Just set your tuning device to "Kellner" or Kirnberger III for more colour and you'll normally get a great result.

    Best wishes

    David P











  • 7.  RE: A432

    Posted 20 days ago

    Steven and David.  Thank you for the detailed explanations.  I had told the client that the piano would not want to stay at A432 and would need subsequent tunings to make it stay down there and it might be detrimental to the instrument, but she wanted to go ahead.  Even if I lose the client, I will let her know that I cannot do this to her piano.  I don't know of any tuner in my chapter who would want to do this either.  Maybe she can find a "tooner" to do it for her.



    ------------------------------
    Patrick Greene
    OWNER
    Knoxville TN
    (865) 384-6582
    ------------------------------



  • 8.  RE: A432

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 19 days ago

    David, thanks for that reference, it is in line with what I was able to find out and as you mention, it says nothing about frequencies 432,440 or otherwise. I did look outside the AI for other references as some AI responses weren't credible. And, like you could not find references to concert pitches. Let me know if you find something.

    Best,

    ~S



    ------------------------------
    Steven Rosenthal RPT
    Honolulu HI
    (808) 521-7129
    ------------------------------



  • 9.  RE: A432

    Posted 19 days ago
    There are potential two ha'pence-worth addendums to this thread.


    The second is a concert for which I was required, within a 1 1/2 hour tuning slot, to do a concert tuning taking a Model B down from 440 to 432. You can decide whether the sound suffered.

    Personally, I'd do it, and charge, and keep a loyal client. But educate. It's ET which is irrational, not 432 nor 440. If the client wishes to find that perfection, and calm which 432 is thought to attempt, then try this for size:

    but I still haven't convinced this client https://youtu.be/k9X2lAcrA0Q?t=288

    Best wishes

    David P

    --
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    David Pinnegar, B.Sc., A.R.C.S.
    - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
    +44 7868385643





  • 10.  RE: A432

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 19 days ago

    Hi, Patrick.

    I have encountered this a few times. It's a lot of extra work to permanently reset the tension of the piano to a lower frequency, but it can be done.

    I don't see where you asked the chapter (me included), but I tend to be overly busy, and perhaps I missed it. Apologies if this is the case. I would encourage you to post (or repost if you have already done it once) the question to the members of our chapter. 

    Best regards,

    Dave



    ------------------------------
    Dave Conte, RPT

    Piano Technician in Residence
    The University of Tennessee
    College of Music
    Knoxville TN
    (817) 307-5656
    Owner: Rocky Top Piano
    ------------------------------



  • 11.  RE: A432

    Posted 19 days ago
    Here's the book that maybe stirred up
    all this (years ago, now)....


    MORE on the Larouches and Schiller Institute can be found using Google/or AI or whatever....


    I was really turned off by the A-432 movement....but I have occassionally tuned a "historical" instrument to
    A-432 for a singer interested in Verdi.
    It sounded DULL to me....but I wasn't paying for it. 

    I have also tuned harpsichords to A-428
    and lower if desired. What makes it acceptable is a matter of taste or desire to reproduce some historical
    ideal. It helps to have good octaves and unisons, for sure.




    --
     Richard Adkins 
     Keyboard Tuning and Maintenance
     Curator of Instruments 
             
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  • 12.  RE: A432

    Posted 19 days ago
    • LaRouche's movement championed A=432 Hz (Verdi tuning), claiming it aligns with natural universal vibrations and classical musical principles, a stark contrast to the modern 440 Hz standard.
    • "A=432" in Books: While LaRouche promoted the concept, books about it often feature his ideas or are by his associates, such as 432 Hertz: the Musical Revolution (co-authored by Ananda Bosman) or works discussing his campaign for "scientific pitch"
    Lyndon Larouche promoted this years
    ago. There is a book published by "The Shiller Institute" promoting this. No doubt this teacher has read it/or heard someone talking about it. 

    I confess to reading this book, but not being convinced, since A has a history of being at many pitches from town to town in Europe! (I have read a lot about the history of A, by the way. As have many of you.) What matters is the tuning, as David says. 
    A432 is a "fad" spread on Youtube.

    R

    --
     Richard Adkins 
     Keyboard Tuning and Maintenance
     Curator of Instruments 
             
    Notice:
    This email and any files transmitted with it are confidential and intended solely for the use of the individual to whom it is addressed. This message contains confidential information and is intended only for the individual named. If you are not named you should not disseminate, distribute or copy this email. Please notify the sender immediately and delete this email from your system.

    Warning: Although the sender has taken reasonable precautions to ensure no viruses are present in this email, the sender cannot accept responsibility for any loss or damage arising from the use of this email or attachments.






  • 13.  RE: A432

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 19 days ago
    I saw this article about 432:
    https://purefrequencies.com/pages/ancient-secret-v6?utm_id=120232864171110755
    It lists some of the same reasons Steven gave, but in detail. I once had a customer wanting 432, when she found out I would have to charge extra to do a "pitch-decorrection" :) [ i.e. go though the piano twice: pitch lowering, then fine tune] she gave up on the idea.
     


    Sheffey Gregory, RPT
    Gregory's Piano Service
    423.614.5001 landline
    423.580.0370 cell





  • 14.  RE: A432

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 19 days ago

    There is a community near me of New Age/Eastern Mysticism folks. One of them asked me about tuning their Boston grand to 432. Here is the reply I emailed to them. Feel free to copy. 

    Hi Xxxx,

    Short answer: I can, but it is not recommended.
    The longer answer has three sides to it. 
    First, the belief in a connection of that frequency to a spiritual harmony. I can't really speak to that, as that is a spiritual decision you will make for your own reasons, or not. 
    Second, I am aware of the article that started much of the conversation about 432 versus 440. I have also seen materials that question the sources used in that article. Some presume mathematical numbers based on celestial orbits and diameters which have since been accurately measured to be different those used by the older sources quoted in the article. 432 is not a factorial of the newly accepted numbers. 
    Third, the piano is specifically designed to function best at A=440 Hz. The tension of the wires is optimized at a certain percentage of the breaking tension; for tone, for enharmonicity (the relationship of coincidental partials, how the notes relate to each other), for the amount of down bearing on the bridges, for the overall stress on the structure of the instrument.  
    On the plus side tone wise, the piano will sound deeper, perhaps richer, less strident. On the negative side, it will lose its brightness, power, and some of its dynamic range. 
    There are even more complicated mathematical questions that arise if 432 is an absolute goal. Pianos are enharmonic rather than harmonic. The upper partials of a struck string do not create the theoretical frequencies; 27.5, 55, 110, 220, 440, 880 and so on. Bowed strings do create harmonic frequencies. So, if I do tune a piano to A4=432, the upper and lower octaves will not necessarily fall into the same harmonic/mathematical schema the above mentioned article describes. 
    A side note: A has been defined in the past as anywhere from 385 to 485. 435 was used as well as 440 in the US until the early twentieth century, when 440 became the accepted standard. European orchestras commonly tune at 442, 443, sometimes as high as 444 or 445. There are many apocryphal  stories about the favorite pitch of Bach, Mozart, or whomever. 
    If you should wish for me to tune at 432, it will take extra effort to tune it and then re-tune it. Returning it to 440 will take the same extra effort. It won't damage the piano, but it won't be as stable until it has been tuned a couple of times at the frequency of your choosing. 
    Please let me know if you have any other questions.



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    David Stocker, RPT
    Olympia WA
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  • 15.  RE: A432

    Posted 19 days ago

    I am just a tooner, so I will set a piano wherever someone wants it. As long as you communicate any concerns you have, the choice is theirs. It is their piano. 

    Here is how I would set it to 432.

    Set one string of the A4 triad to 440hz.

    Lower another of the A4 strings until it beats at 8 bps. (About the same sound as the G3-B3 3rd). 

    Then tune the piano to the lowered A4.



    ------------------------------
    Gannon Rhinehart
    Santa Fe NM
    (505) 692-8385
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  • 16.  RE: A432

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 19 days ago

    I have an appointment next week to lower the pitch of a piano, I think they want 432 or something.

    I asked if they tune other instruments to the piano, and they do.

    Frankly, it's not a big deal to me. If they want it, I don't really have a great reason to refuse. It shouldn't take too much longer to lower the pitch. What if it bounces up a little? I really doubt they'll notice. I'd just rather not start giving them a lecture. I'll keep my eye rolls to myself.

    I'll point out that 1. The low tenor might sound a little tubbier and 2. It might not be very stable.

    I'd be more resistant to raising the pitch. Last year, a customer who bought a used B wanted it at 444.

    In that case, I did talk them out of it and told them broken strings were more likely. Since they live about 75 miles away, I pointed out that a broken string would be very expensive…



    ------------------------------
    Scott Cole, RPT
    rvpianotuner.com
    Talent, OR
    (541-601-9033
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  • 17.  RE: A432

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 19 days ago

    I second the idea that this is not such a big deal. It's not going to hurt the piano. The tonal effects will be subtle. It's their piano.

    I say charge for a pitch raise or two and do it. 



    ------------------------------
    John Pope
    University of Kentucky School of Music
    Lexington, KY
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  • 18.  RE: A432

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 19 days ago
    >I asked if they tune other instruments to the piano, and they do.<

    Not to drag this out, but this could be a big consideration. If the other instruments are strings, they're tunable - so ok, shrug? But if the other instrument are woodwinds or brass or fixed-pitch percussion, their built intonation is designed for standard pitch and (give or take) equal temperament. Just look at a standard flute versus an alto flute and extrapolate from that. A different standard pitch requires different spacing of the holes, and no amount of lipping can overcome the discrepancies. Instrument manufacturers the world over have adopted designs built around equal temperament and standard pitch. If our job is to create and enhance the possibility of harmony, we go against that tide at our peril. Just my perspective. 

    Mark Schecter, RPT
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  • 19.  RE: A432

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 19 days ago
    While I’m thinking about it, something I haven’t heard about with regard to lowering pitch:
    Is it possible that the wire bends at the front termination points will be drawn into the speaking length and increase false beats and unlevel strings? I’d imagine that a significant pitch raise could do the same at the bridge.




  • 20.  RE: A432

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 19 days ago

    I charge $432 dollars to tune a piano to A4 = 432 Hz.

    It's a very calming dollar value, aligns with the natural fiscal frequencies of the celestial orbs, and promotes financial health and healing.



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    Christopher Storch RPT
    Belmont MA
    (617) 489-6436
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  • 21.  RE: A432

    Posted 18 days ago

    (:-)



    ------------------------------
    Carroll Arbogast
    Piano Technician
    CMA Piano Care, LLC
    Needham, MA
    (617) 283-0443
    ------------------------------