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Broken agraffe

  • 1.  Broken agraffe

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 09-09-2025 12:26

    I've avoided it until now, but my "quick and easy" tuning job yesterday was anything but that. A426, broken bass string and a bi-cord sitting unnaturally high above the string level line. I spliced the bass string and did a pitch correction, but told the client I'd need to come back to finish (no problem on his end, he doesn't even play). Since I've not had to extract broken agraffes, it's difficult to weigh pros and cons with varying methods. I like the simplicity of Bruce Dornfeld's BAR (broken agraffe remover) in the 5/2023 issue (p. 8) where he suggests modifying a screwdriver with a sharp forked edge, pressing it into the agraffe stub in the plate and turning out. But if this fails, I would think I have a marred stub that may be more difficult to turn if this method fails. 

    I would love any suggestions from those of you who have this chore "honed in." 

    Thanks!



    ------------------------------
    Tim Foster RPT
    New Oxford PA
    (470) 231-6074
    ------------------------------


  • 2.  RE: Broken agraffe

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 09-09-2025 12:52

    Hi Tim:

    If there's enough above the surface to grab with some needle-nose vise grips, that's my first choice.  I would not try an easy-out.  They can easily break and leave you worse off than before you started.  My best outcome comes from drilling with a left-handed bit very slowly.  But you must get a center punch and make sure you drill it exactly in the center.  Not easy, since the surface is very rough.  If you can flatten it with a dremel bit first, that would help.  Harbor Freight sells a set of left-handed bits for very cheap.  The bit might drill down a few mm's before it grabs, so don't give up.  I don't remember which size to choose, just use the Goldilocks principle "just right".  Too big might mar the threads if you get too close.  Too small may break off.  I've tried the forked screwdriver trick, but it's iffy and only works if the stem is already quite loose.  Last resort is drilling it out and using an insert.  I've never done it. 

    Then there's the size of the stem.  I had a Howard piano, about 20 years old, and I could not find any that fit.  I purchased multiple pieces of every kind from Schaff, and nothing fit.  I discovered that Kawai made those pianos, and they have an agraffe that is unique.  So there's that.  I had another time with an old Mason Hamlin baby grand that I couldn't find an agraffe for.  Luckily, I called the folks at the factory and they had one laying around and I don't think they even knew what size it was.  Hopefully you will have the right size replacement on hand.

    Good luck.  We're having fun, right?

    Paul



    ------------------------------
    Paul McCloud, RPT
    Accutone Piano Service
    www.AccutonePianoService.com
    pavadasa@gmail.com
    ------------------------------



  • 3.  RE: Broken agraffe

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 09-09-2025 12:54

    Tim,

    I have used the method outlined in Bruce's article as well as other approaches. (BTW, I do not recommend using a broken screw extractor!)

    For the next broken agraffe I encounter, I plan to use a "left-handed drill bit," which sounds very promising. Punch a divot in the top of the post to prevent the drill bit from skating (I use an automatic center punch for this) and then go at it with the counter-clockwise bit in a drill motor in reverse which, I am told, has a very high batting average at successfully unscrewing the broken post from the string frame (AKA plate).

    Please do let us know which approach you wind up taking and regale us with the tale of your victory!

    Best,

    Alan



    ------------------------------
    Alan Eder, RPT
    Herb Alpert School of Music
    California Institute of the Arts
    Valencia, CA
    661.904.6483
    ------------------------------



  • 4.  RE: Broken agraffe

    Posted 09-09-2025 13:07
    I just use an ordinary ( available at any hardware store) drill and extractor. 






  • 5.  RE: Broken agraffe

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 09-09-2025 14:02

    A left hand drill bit often does everything you need. If the left hand drill bit doesn't walk out the stump on its own, a soft material extractor works great.

    The 1/8" extractor for soft material and thin walled parts only comes in a kit linked below, but I've found it to be very effective.  The left hand drill bit for the corresponding extractor is linked below as well.

    https://www.mcmaster.com/88055A45/

    https://www.mcmaster.com/8289A11/



    ------------------------------
    Daniel DeBiasio
    Technical Education & Support
    ddebiasio@steinway.com
    718-267-3229
    Steinway & Sons
    ------------------------------



  • 6.  RE: Broken agraffe

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 09-09-2025 17:40

    Left hand bit for me (its part of my seldom used agraffe kit).  Even if it does not come out on its own at least your drilling process has been in the correct direction and may have slightly "persuaded" it properly. 

    Edit: Now if fixing my kitchen sink faucet could be so easy...argghhh! It's toast and needs replacement!

    Peter Grey Piano Doctor 



    ------------------------------
    Peter Grey
    Stratham NH
    (603) 686-2395
    pianodoctor57@gmail.com
    ------------------------------



  • 7.  RE: Broken agraffe

    Posted 09-09-2025 19:25

    Tim, be sure to slightly dull the left-handed drill bit -- it is (soft) brass that you are drilling into.  And be sure to use a drill with a clutch.  Regards, Norman.



    ------------------------------
    Norman Brickman
    Potomac Piano Service
    Potomac, Maryland
    potomacpiano@verizon.net
    https://potomacpiano.com
    (301) 983.9321
    ------------------------------



  • 8.  RE: Broken agraffe

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 09-09-2025 21:27

    Norman, why dull it?



    ------------------------------
    Tim Foster RPT
    New Oxford PA
    (470) 231-6074
    ------------------------------



  • 9.  RE: Broken agraffe

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 09-09-2025 21:45

    Yeah, why dull it? Inquiring minds want to know...

    Peter Grey Piano Doctor 



    ------------------------------
    Peter Grey
    Stratham NH
    (603) 686-2395
    pianodoctor57@gmail.com
    ------------------------------



  • 10.  RE: Broken agraffe

    Posted 09-09-2025 23:10

    Tim and Peter, it's standard procedure that I was taught -- assuming that you are using high speed steel drill bits.  Take a file length-wise parallel with the shaft of the drill bit and file/take the sharp tip off the end of the drill bit.  DO NOT do this if you are going to be drilling, say, iron with the drill bit.  But brass is soft -- the drill bit can seize up (and break off or perhaps give a rough hole). I was taught this many years ago in doing machining projects with brass.  Using a drill with an adjustable clutch I figure is back-up, extra caution, more of the same should the drill bit catch in the agraffe.  Regards, Norman.



    ------------------------------
    Norman Brickman
    Potomac Piano Service
    Potomac, Maryland
    potomacpiano@verizon.net
    https://potomacpiano.com
    (301) 983.9321
    ------------------------------



  • 11.  RE: Broken agraffe

    Member
    Posted 09-10-2025 01:45
    I’ve tried (unsuccessfully) many of the methods often mentioned including using an awl at the perimeter of the stud to spin the stud out, cutting a fish tail shape in a sharpened screwdriver to screw out the stud. What works for me is just to drill a tiny pilot hole in the middle of the stud. Then drill a slightly larger hole. Then a slightly larger hole. Keep doing this and eventually the stud kind of relaxes from the hole and just spins out with the drill bit. I just use normal metal drill bits (nothing fancy or reverse oriented), and it works every time. I used to do the same with broken rusted steel bolts on old cars. It’s 10x easier on such a soft metal.

    Best,

    Luke



    Sent from my iPad




  • 12.  RE: Broken agraffe

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 09-10-2025 07:15

    Norman, I did a little research and it looks like you're spot on! Because brass is soft (compared to steel), a sharp bit has the tendency to "grab and dig" into the metal much faster, making it more difficult to control.  Thanks for the tip!



    ------------------------------
    Tim Foster RPT
    New Oxford PA
    (470) 231-6074
    ------------------------------



  • 13.  RE: Broken agraffe

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 09-10-2025 07:50

    Dulling the bit may be beneficial for drilling a hole, and if that is your purpose, then fine.  In regards to drilling out an agraffe with a left-handed bit, you don't want to dull the bit.  Just the opposite.  You want it to dig in so that it will catch the stem and turn it out.  If you're using a regular extraction tool like an Easy-Out, then drilling a hole is fine and dulling the bit would be appropriate.  

    Having said that, I wish someone would make a tool that would center-punch a broken agraffe in the center of the stem.  It would make the process of drilling it on center a lot easier for whatever procedure you want to do.  Roger G?



    ------------------------------
    Paul McCloud, RPT
    Accutone Piano Service
    www.AccutonePianoService.com
    pavadasa@gmail.com
    ------------------------------



  • 14.  RE: Broken agraffe

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 09-10-2025 08:07

    Paul, that is a great point (I was thinking about that as well on my drive to the shop today). 

    As to a method of centering, I was thinking about taking a spring loaded automatic center punch, measuring the diameter of the punch and drilling through the center of a 1/4" or 7/32" brass cylinder at the same diameter as the punch. It seems like this would center the punch really well.



    ------------------------------
    Tim Foster RPT
    New Oxford PA
    (470) 231-6074
    ------------------------------



  • 15.  RE: Broken agraffe

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 09-10-2025 08:18

    I was thinking about making the point Paul made (i.e., I want the bit to grab and shock the thing so as to get it moving) but I didn't want to appear contrarian.

    As to the center punch, I just get as close as I can to center, then angle the drill bit this way and that until I arrive as close to center as I need to be. Because its soft, its not difficult or destructive. That's just my seat of the pants approach.  So far so good. 

    I think I may have replaced half a dozen broken agraffes (dozen absolute max) in 50 years. 

    Peter Grey Piano Doctor 



    ------------------------------
    Peter Grey
    Stratham NH
    (603) 686-2395
    pianodoctor57@gmail.com
    ------------------------------



  • 16.  RE: Broken agraffe

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 09-10-2025 10:37

    Use a transfer punch to locate center.  Then punch this with a carbide scribe. Worst procedure is to epoxy a steel screw to the broken stud. When the steel screw breaks off you end up with a bigger mess. 2nd the left hand drill.



    ------------------------------
    Parker Leigh RPT
    Winchester VA
    (540) 722-3865
    ------------------------------



  • 17.  RE: Broken agraffe

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 09-10-2025 08:19

    Funny that you make that comment about a center punch.  I just sent a message to Roger Gable, suggesting exactly the same thing, a special tool that would center a drill bit for drilling agraffes.  I'd buy one in a heartbeat!   Another tool could be created that would center a drill bit while you're drilling so that the hole would not end up going off center.  A handheld drill is difficult to use to make a hole perfectly perpendicular.  Maybe you wouldn't need a center punch with a tool like that.



    ------------------------------
    Paul McCloud, RPT
    Accutone Piano Service
    www.AccutonePianoService.com
    pavadasa@gmail.com
    ------------------------------



  • 18.  RE: Broken agraffe

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 09-10-2025 08:36

    I may try this, thoughts?

    https://a.co/d/hkgMM6B



    ------------------------------
    Tim Foster RPT
    New Oxford PA
    (470) 231-6074
    ------------------------------



  • 19.  RE: Broken agraffe

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 09-10-2025 09:51

    Another thing I would suggest is using a good penetrating oil before starting to remove the old agraffe stem.  Kroil Penetrating Oil is what I use and it is hard to beat.  WD-40 would be better than nothing.  Ideally apply the day before you remove the stem.  Of course, do not get any oil into the tuning pins or pinblock!  



    ------------------------------
    Bruce Dornfeld, RPT
    PTG Foundation Director Emeritus
    North Shore Chapter
    Northbrook, IL
    (847) 498-0379
    bdornfeld@earthlink.net
    ------------------------------



  • 20.  RE: Broken agraffe

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 09-10-2025 10:44

    Had one I couldn't get out. Called a colleague who used a Dremel to cut a flat blade slot.



    ------------------------------
    Larry Messerly, RPT
    Bringing Harmony to Homes
    www.lacrossepianotuning.com
    ljmesserly@gmail.com
    928-899-7292
    ------------------------------



  • 21.  RE: Broken agraffe

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 09-10-2025 10:56

    It looks like it would work if the stem is below the surface.  Otherwise it will sit up on top of the stem.  The outside diameter should be close to the same size as the round "land", but there must be a shallow hole drilled in the middle at least the same size as the stem.  That will allow the tool to sit down on the surface centered.  So, with this bronze bearing you are recommending, you need to enlarge the hole a little bit on one end.  1/4" OD might be a tad too small, but then I"m not at a piano to measure it.  Maybe I'll order one and play with it.  I'm working on a broken agraffe project now, although I already removed the stem with a lefthanded bit.  



    ------------------------------
    Paul McCloud, RPT
    Accutone Piano Service
    www.AccutonePianoService.com
    pavadasa@gmail.com
    ------------------------------



  • 22.  RE: Broken agraffe

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 09-10-2025 11:22

    They do make self-centering drill bit rigs in 1/4" and 7/32" sizes. Might work will to get the hole started.



    ------------------------------
    Steven Rosenthal RPT
    Honolulu HI
    (808) 521-7129
    ------------------------------



  • 23.  RE: Broken agraffe

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 09-10-2025 11:28

    Ooh, I like that, thanks, Steven!



    ------------------------------
    Tim Foster RPT
    New Oxford PA
    (470) 231-6074
    ------------------------------



  • 24.  RE: Broken agraffe

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 09-10-2025 12:13

    Good idea.  Get a washer the size of the circle around the stem (I call it a land), maybe 1/2" ?.  If the hole in the washer is the right size, the washer will guide the jig and center the bit over the stem.  We'd have to experiment to get the right size washer and drill jig. 

    I haven't seen a drill guide jig that uses a 1/4" drill bit.  The biggest I've seen is 11/64", which is slightly less than 3/16".  Who knows, maybe that size would work.  I'll try it next time.



    ------------------------------
    Paul McCloud, RPT
    Accutone Piano Service
    www.AccutonePianoService.com
    pavadasa@gmail.com
    ------------------------------



  • 25.  RE: Broken agraffe

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 09-10-2025 16:37

    Paul, it is a 1980s Howard (Baldwin), I hope the agraffe is a standard size…



    ------------------------------
    Tim Foster RPT
    New Oxford PA
    (470) 231-6074
    ------------------------------



  • 26.  RE: Broken agraffe

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 09-10-2025 17:49
    If it's USA made, I am sure it's a standard size.  If it's Korean, it's metric.  I'm working on a Hamilton piano which I found out was made by Kawai.  They have their own size agraffes.   
     Maybe someone on here knows for sure. 
    Sent from my iPhone





  • 27.  RE: Broken agraffe

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 09-10-2025 20:09

    I'm pretty sure the Howard from then is made by Kawai. 

    Peter Grey Piano Doctor 



    ------------------------------
    Peter Grey
    Stratham NH
    (603) 686-2395
    pianodoctor57@gmail.com
    ------------------------------



  • 28.  RE: Broken agraffe

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 09-11-2025 09:29

    Hi Tim,

    You've gotten a lot of good responses. Here are a few items:

    • If there's any portion of the stud sticking up at all, I've found the simplest, easiest, least intrusive approach is screw removing pliers. 
      screw removing pliers 
      agraffe
    • If that isn't an option, I use a center punch to mark the center of the stud and use the lefthand spiral drill bit. I work very slowly and hope that the agraffe just backs out (which it usually does) and I'm ready to move forward. If it doesn't then I'm already drilling my hole for deeper work.
    • If the threads are contaminated (sugary drink, urine, etc.) then I apply a few drops of penetrating oil and let it set for a bit before extracting. Galling is seldom a problem with agraffes due to the dissimilar metals (cast iron and brass)
    • The screwdriver mentioned is easily modified or you can purchase something even more focused from Ferree's Tools as a D14 Sax Neck Screw Extractor.
    • Definite focus should be paid to shoulder depth and height of the string plane. This can be measured and duplicated (reducing with a counterbore or increasing with agraffe washer) since agraffe production has changed over the years even on standard brands. 
    • A supply of brass agraffe washers should always be carried to properly orient the stringholes to the scale line.
    • Standard agraffe taps should always be used to chase the threads in the plate to avoid stripping or seizing the threads.
    • If the hole is already mangled (most often from improper extraction techniques) or an odd-size agraffe thread, a group of Schaff (formerly from Pianotek) 927-ARI agraffe inserts live in my agraffe field kit along with the appropriate drills, taps, etc. 

    I hope this helps!

    AG



    ------------------------------
    Allan Gilreath, RPT
    Registered Piano Technician & President
    Allan Gilreath & Associates, Inc
    Calhoun, GA
    706-602-7667
    allan@allangilreath.com - www.allangilreath.com
    ------------------------------



  • 29.  RE: Broken agraffe

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 09-12-2025 10:47
    Hi, 
    If you use a Dremel to cut steel etc.  the cut-off discs get smaller as you use them -save them carefully, they become prone to breaking.  As someone mentioned they can be used to cut a flat screwdriver slot in your broken part and you can try to turn the part out using the right screwdriver.   

    My most successful removals have been this way and the left handed drill bits.

    Good luck.

    Sent from Gmail Mobile





  • 30.  RE: Broken agraffe

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 09-23-2025 13:22

    Thank you, everyone for your help with this. I returned today and extracted easily with reverse 1/8" drill bit and a little "guide" I bought. (Photos below.) The piano could use a lot more TLC, but it shaped up nicely (80 c pitch raise). 

    The client is trying to downsize after his wife's passing three years ago. The piano was hers, he doesn't play and he plans to sell the piano. After tuning, I played my new favorite Sibelius piece. He broke down sobbing, and wasn't able to speak for a minute or two after I finished. Finally he got out the words, "I wish my wife could have heard that, she would have loved it." He asked me if I could play it again and record it for him (I included below, just a cell recording). 

    For all the frustration of this piano, it was also very rewarding.

    Recording: 

    https://drive.google.com/file/d/1bCnP9WOCu2QRvIHxbmMjf7Zh9PeQeTXd/view?usp=drivesdk

    (It's tuned to my Symmetrical Well Temperament)



    ------------------------------
    Tim Foster RPT
    New Oxford PA
    (470) 231-6074
    ------------------------------



  • 31.  RE: Broken agraffe

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 09-23-2025 13:35

    Hi Tim:

    Was that the sintered bronze bearing you mentioned in another thread on the same topic?  Looks like it worked very well.  What was the link again?

    EDIT:

    Duh, I didn't realize it's the same thread.  But yeah, looks like it did the job.  Congrats!



    ------------------------------
    Paul McCloud, RPT
    Accutone Piano Service
    www.AccutonePianoService.com
    pavadasa@gmail.com
    ------------------------------



  • 32.  RE: Broken agraffe

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 09-23-2025 15:36

    Tim, what was the guide you used?



    ------------------------------
    Steven Rosenthal RPT
    Honolulu HI
    (808) 521-7129
    ------------------------------



  • 33.  RE: Broken agraffe

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 09-23-2025 17:14

    This: https://a.co/d/hkgMM6B

    It's pictured in my update. I was happy with it.



    ------------------------------
    Tim Foster RPT
    New Oxford PA
    (470) 231-6074
    ------------------------------