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Opinions sought on Ca glue in pin blocks and long term effects

  • 1.  Opinions sought on Ca glue in pin blocks and long term effects

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 01-14-2026 18:58

    I'm looking for some opinions on using Ca in pin blocks with loose pins. 

    I have treated several pin blocks with much success in extending the life of pianos with pins loose enough that they won't hold.

    The reason for this query is that I will soon be seeing a piano on a cruise ship that apparently has loose pins in the treble. It is most likely a Yamaha C3 and probably less than 20 years old. I have tuned close to 100 Yamaha C series on cruise ships and can scarcely remember a loose pin, however, according to a report from another technician there are several loose pins in the treble section of this instrument and they pounded the pins in deeper to get some purchase which, of course can present other tuning stability problems. I have encountered instability in these working pianos largely owing to multiple string replacements-sometimes not very well done- and sometimes hard to control pins because they were backed out too far for the string replacement. But apparently these pins are loose and the prior technician recommends pin replacement. 


    The reason I'm asking this question now because I'm not going to have the time or resources to replace pins in this piano during the 6 or so hours I will be onboard with this scant information and am wondering if at least mitigating the problem with Ca glue would hamper pin replacement at a later date. (I'm basically coming aboard to tune this and 3 other C series grands)

    In short, my question is exactly that; do you think using Ca glue will hamper tuning pin replacement with larger size pins in the future?

    Thanks in advance.



    ------------------------------
    Steven Rosenthal RPT
    Honolulu HI
    (808) 521-7129
    ------------------------------


  • 2.  RE: Opinions sought on Ca glue in pin blocks and long term effects

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 01-14-2026 21:41

    No, I don't think it will hamper replacing the pins with larger size pins later and, in this case, it sounds like you don't have much choice.  Note that Yamaha and Kawai use hard bushings and so if the fit around the pin is quite snug I'm not sure whether that might not inhibit penetration even using water thin CA glue but it's worth a try. You don't have much choice. 



    ------------------------------
    David Love RPT
    www.davidlovepianos.com
    davidlovepianos@comcast.net
    415 407 8320
    ------------------------------



  • 3.  RE: Opinions sought on Ca glue in pin blocks and long term effects

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 01-14-2026 22:11

    Someone might recall who it was that had posted their method for drilling small holes in the walls of the tuning pin bushings to guide glue to block.  



    ------------------------------
    David Skolnik [RPT]
    Hastings-on-Hudson NY
    (917) 589-2625
    ------------------------------



  • 4.  RE: Opinions sought on Ca glue in pin blocks and long term effects

    Posted 01-15-2026 07:43

    I've had improved results by tipping the grands on their side and applying the CA underneath the block. It wicks in, so the piano doesn't need to be completely perpendicular to the ground. I use a "one-man" tilter, so I can do it by myself. I've never tried the hole drilling technique. It sounds logical, but intimidating to drill dozens of tiny holes like that!



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    Philip Jamison
    West Chester PA
    (610) 696-8449
    ------------------------------



  • 5.  RE: Opinions sought on Ca glue in pin blocks and long term effects

    Member
    Posted 30 days ago

    Cruise ship pianos are bolted to the deck. No tipping allowed (or desired).

     

    John Ginter

    Plum Piano Restoration, Inc.

    e-mail: john@plumpiano.com

     






  • 6.  RE: Opinions sought on Ca glue in pin blocks and long term effects

    Posted 27 days ago

    John Ginter wrote: "Cruise ship pianos are bolted to the deck. No tipping allowed (or desired)."

    Well, in a perfect world they are bolted to the deck! That is NOT always the case! DAHIK!!!



    ------------------------------
    Terry Farrell
    Farrell Piano Service, Inc.
    Brandon, Florida
    terry@farrellpiano.com
    813-684-3505
    ------------------------------



  • 7.  RE: Opinions sought on Ca glue in pin blocks and long term effects

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 01-15-2026 08:04

    I am currently replacing the pinblock in a C7 from the late 1970's. It was treated with CA in several places. I believe the hard bushings slowed the penetration into the block itself but did wick through enough to adhere the pinblock to the underside of the plate. I ended up punching the plate bushings from the top with tension lifting the plate up to break the glue joint.

    I also had a pretty good CA glue adhesion on a Steinway O with no plate bushings. So, yes it can happen.



    ------------------------------
    Norman Cantrell
    Owner
    Piano Clinic
    Oklahoma
    580-695-5089
    ------------------------------



  • 8.  RE: Opinions sought on Ca glue in pin blocks and long term effects

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 01-15-2026 08:39

    Steve,

    I am of the opinion that "more is not necessarily better", therefore I treat minimally, but in two or three passes. I really don't care about getting "down into the pinblock" if bushings are present. I treat only the bushings (in essence). The first squirt lasts maybe 2 seconds...let cure. Second squirt at about 1 second...let cure and try. If tight enough to tune...tune. If I think I want a little more insurance, one more squirt and let cure.

    This method has proven effective with the exception of pins that are literally spinning in the hole. It prevents the soaking side effects as mentioned, and treats the problem which is at the top. Each successive application adheres to the previous application, increasing the bond thickness. 

    When pin replacement becomes necessary you drill out and replace the bushing with new. 

    Goal: Just enough help to make it tunable. No need to "fix" the pinblock.

    Peter Grey Piano Doctor 



    ------------------------------
    Peter Grey
    Stratham NH
    (603) 686-2395
    pianodoctor57@gmail.com
    ------------------------------



  • 9.  RE: Opinions sought on Ca glue in pin blocks and long term effects

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 01-15-2026 10:58

    If it's just a few pins, perhaps replacing the loose tuning pins is the better option? It's also fairly easy to drill through the tuning pin bushing with a 1/8" drillbit. I like this method since it provides a channel for the CA glue which I think is easier to control mess.



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    Tim Foster RPT
    New Oxford PA
    (470) 231-6074
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  • 10.  RE: Opinions sought on Ca glue in pin blocks and long term effects

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 29 days ago

    Norm, gluing the pin block to the plate isn't something I'd thought about. It makes me remember those original Krazy Glue TV commercials from almost 50 years ago where the guy in a hard hat glues himself to an I Beam. Simpler times.



    ------------------------------
    Steven Rosenthal RPT
    Honolulu HI
    (808) 521-7129
    ------------------------------



  • 11.  RE: Opinions sought on Ca glue in pin blocks and long term effects

    Posted 30 days ago
    David, that was Joe Garrett that wrote of drilling small holes through the bushings right next to the tuning pins.




  • 12.  RE: Opinions sought on Ca glue in pin blocks and long term effects

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 01-15-2026 11:37

    I have had spotty results over the years with CA glue.  It's no so dry here, so I don't see that many pianos with dried out pinblocks.  I believe that one critical factor is the age of the glue and its viscosity.  CA glue has a shelf life if you open the bottle, and is better kept in the 'fridge if you're storing it.

    Having said that, I have had instant successes even on upright pianos just wicking the glue on top of the pins.  And I've had failures on grand pianos soaking the pinblock.  Sometimes it seems that the more glue just lubricates the pins more.  I have deliberately not used any hardener for fear that the glue might not penetrate the wood.  But I have changed my mind on that.  The very thin glue does penetrate more than we expect it to, and farther.  I have removed pins and spread glue on them, then used hardener and reinserted the pins with good success.  They were not looser by turning or pounding them in.  I have also swabbed the holes with glue, and that also worked, with or without hardener.  But I am not shy for using hardener if they don't immediately tighten up.  We know that often the pins that are loose are in areas of the pinblock that are narrow.  A cracked block is another matter.  Sometimes CA glue doesn't hold, sometimes it does.  Pounding them in doesn't solve the situation if you have a cracked block, it often makes it worse.  

    A recent job on an old Bosendorfer I had to use CA glue on.  The bass strings were not tunable, but I had to replace them anyway, so I removed the pins and put glue on them with hardener.  I didn't want to pound them in, so I just turned them.  It worked very well.  I also put some glue on other pins that were acceptably tight, and they got too tight!  I regretted that, and it happened like that before.  So I guess if it ain't broke, don't fix it.  

    After all this, I don't believe using larger pins is a good idea in an old piano, unless you're restringing it.  If the piano is fairly new, ok, put new pins because the block is likely going to be strong enough.  But going to a larger pin may backfire if you end up with tight and jumpy pins.  If the wood is split, bigger pins won't help.  If the wood has dried out, using CA glue can fix it, even if you have to remove the pins.  You might break the becket in the process, and probably should just cut off the old one anyway. At least youi'll have a tunable piano.  Does it devalue the piano?  Maybe, but it'll be much more valuable than a piano that's not tunable, and you don't have to install a new block.  It's a band-aid for sure, but it's a viable alternative to rebuilding/restringing.



    ------------------------------
    Paul McCloud, RPT
    Accutone Piano Service
    www.AccutonePianoService.com
    pavadasa@gmail.com
    ------------------------------



  • 13.  RE: Opinions sought on Ca glue in pin blocks and long term effects

    Member
    Posted 01-15-2026 11:44

    I too tune Yamaha C grands on cruise ships but have never experienced ones with loose pins. I have seen poor string replacements and many, many spills. Tuning stability is excellent because pianos are tuned frequently. To preserve future options, I would not treat tunings pins with CA glue. Larger size pins would extend usable life of instrument with more certainty. More extensive piano work can be scheduled the next time the piano is in drydock (recommend to ship personnel). Once a foreign material is introduced into a pinblock, I personally will not warranty any restringing work without pinblock replacement (I also rebuild pianos). I am not sure how cruise lines deal with aging pianos. They just might replace with new instead of rebuilding; I have never come across a new or rebuilt instrument on an older ship. 



    ------------------------------
    John Ginter
    La Grange TX
    (832) 722-3033
    ------------------------------



  • 14.  RE: Opinions sought on Ca glue in pin blocks and long term effects

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 30 days ago

    Responding to John Ginter's advice to replace with larger pins instead of treating with CA glue.

    "To preserve future options, I would not treat tunings pins with CA glue. Larger size pins would extend usable life of instrument with more certainty."

    I'm not a rebuilder so I don't have a lot of first hand experience with this. But I will say that as a tuner/technician I have never run across a piano with oversize tuning pins that I didn't hate. They're just hard to tune. For a physics perspective, they have only one benefit: increased friction in the pinblock (big pin, small hole), but they come with multiple downsides. First, the larger pin diameter means that you get a bigger change in pitch for every movement of the tuning lever. You have less control because you have less angular resolution...you have to make smaller adjustments with the lever to get to the desired pitch. 

    The second trade-off isn't as obvious. It's that the pin must be tighter in the block to hold the tension of the string. Say, for sake of argument, that a given 7mm tuning pin needs to have 8 ft-lbs of torque to hold its string up to pitch. If you replace that 7mm diameter tuning pin with a 7.25mm pin, it will now require around 8.3 ft-lbs of torque to hold the string at pitch, because the string's tension now has a longer lever arm on the tuning pin.

    Anyway, the bottom line is that the greater forces required combined with the tighter angular tolerance for tuning makes for an unpleasant tuning experience. That's why I prefer CA treatment. You get the one benefit (more friction in the pinblock) without the two drawbacks from having a larger pin. 



    ------------------------------
    Anthony Willey, RPT
    http://willeypianotuning.com
    http://pianometer.com
    ------------------------------



  • 15.  RE: Opinions sought on Ca glue in pin blocks and long term effects

    Posted 30 days ago
    Hi Steve. I agree with David Love regarding not likely to be any problem with installing larger tuning pins after CA treatment.

    But I have to ask: What ship is this? I’ve been tuning pianos on the Royal Caribbean and Carnival ships at the Port of Tampa for maybe the past 20 years or so. I’ve had a few pianos with loose pins. I have one now that EVERY C3 on the ship has both loose AND jumpy pins!!!

    Terry Farrell




  • 16.  RE: Opinions sought on Ca glue in pin blocks and long term effects

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 29 days ago

    Terrence,

    Generally there are not loose tuning pins on the cruise ship Yamahas.  The pianos are now old enough that they are being rebuilt.  The tuning pins never feel the same once rebuilt.



    ------------------------------
    Carl Lieberman RPT
    RPT
    Venice CA
    (310) 392-2771
    ------------------------------



  • 17.  RE: Opinions sought on Ca glue in pin blocks and long term effects

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 29 days ago

    The solution to oversize tuning pins is to use Lo-Torq pins. The pinblock size is 3.5/0 but the exposed size is 2/0. The geometry here was written about in the journal many years ago. Sure...they're more expensive...but they're far better. Simply charge appropriately. 

    Peter Grey Piano Doctor 



    ------------------------------
    Peter Grey
    Stratham NH
    (603) 686-2395
    pianodoctor57@gmail.com
    ------------------------------



  • 18.  RE: Opinions sought on Ca glue in pin blocks and long term effects

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 29 days ago

    Working my way backwards in responding to most recent:
    Peter Gray - Indeed, the principles of Larudee Lo-torq pins have been widely acknowledged, though I'm not sure (as in, I don't know) how they would work in the case of individual repairs, however, my 'beef' with your response is that you didn't push back on Anthony Wiley's mis-use of the term "oversized" as attributed to what would be a 3/0 tuning pin, which raises the question: what do we mean by "oversized"?   
    While Anthony displays a basic understanding of the conceptual geometry/physics?, neither easily or completely encompasses all of the nuances that can contribute to Carl's comment: "The tuning pins never feel the same once rebuilt", to which I'd respond by suggesting a worthwile activity for him, the next time he finds himself on one of them cruises.  

    The other misleading proposition Anthony suggests is  "8 ft-lbs of torque to hold its string up to pitch."... vs. 8.3.  First of all, I don't know about yous all, but I speak in inch-pounds when chatting about tuning pin torque.  At that,  consider the range of acceptable torque measurments we encounter in our daily tuning, completely apart from the magical number needed to hold string up to pitch.  It's one of those fancy-shmancy 'imaginary numbers' we encounter on those infrequent occasions where we feel motivated to expand our minds, like after too many days on a cruise ship.  In any case, the difference between 8'lbs (96"lbs.) and 8.3'lbs (99.6'lbs.) is 3.6"lbs.  Not clear whether benzo's or beta-blockers would be the more effective choice in dealing with this issue.

    The one possibly useful contribution I can offer is to make sure the HVAC systems are functioning on-board when using the CA.  I'm particularly sensitive to the fumes (yes, I know, there are 'low-odor' versions).  Not sure how well it would go over to have people walking about while I'm working away in my haz-mat suit.  



    ------------------------------
    David Skolnik [RPT]
    Hastings-on-Hudson NY
    (917) 589-2625
    ------------------------------



  • 19.  RE: Opinions sought on Ca glue in pin blocks and long term effects

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 29 days ago

    Hi David,

    Well, I thought I did. I gave the specs and figured any intelligent human being could do the math. (I am of course being jocular, lest anyone thinks I'm being insulting). 

    I've used Lo-Torqs on every repinning/restringing job for quite a few years, despite the fact that they're 3 times the price of "regular" pins. They're good, and I like them. AFAIK they now only come in two sizes...3.5/0 and 4/0 for the business end in the pinblock. The top side is 2/0 on both. In essence your brain thinks you're dealing with 2/0 pins. Feels just like it. Also, the amount of torque needed to hold solid is reduced, hence the name: Lo-Torque. I also use them for spot repairs (if deemed necessary).

    I have no idea how to look up the article(s) written about them 20 years ago, but somebody probably does. 

    Peter Grey Piano Doctor 



    ------------------------------
    Peter Grey
    Stratham NH
    (603) 686-2395
    pianodoctor57@gmail.com
    ------------------------------



  • 20.  RE: Opinions sought on Ca glue in pin blocks and long term effects

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 30 days ago
    I have had nice luck with thin ca glue, very good results especially in institutions where horrible humidity conditions have rendered even the toughest pianos with loose pins far before they should have issues. In most cases I have not gone back to re pin, results were too good and lasting. A lot less stress on the block etc… and of course the budget issues! They might not feel as good as you would like, but certainly tuneable.
    Pianos with bushings of course do not respond quite as well, but do respond and with decent results. I take my time and get as much in there as it will take, and usually overnight, but it will improve pretty quickly if needed, as in your situation. I do plan to try drilling access holes in the future if it’s a bad one.
    It always feels jacklegish doing it, but what a nice option now and then to help in these tough situations. A few pianos I have tuned for many years after treating. Techs tell me you can do it again !
    I have heard of complaints from rebuilders of plates stuck to blocks, but they were able to overcome.

    Andrew J. Lyford, RPT
    Lyford Piano Works
    pianotechandy@gmail.com
    276-732-6290




  • 21.  RE: Opinions sought on Ca glue in pin blocks and long term effects

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 30 days ago

    Steve,

    So, as is par for the course, you've gotten the full range of opinions from 'a little', to 'as much as it will take', bushings...no bushings, from the top, from the bottom...value added...value diminished...ad infinitum

    My opinion is simply start slow judiciously...stop when it works...don't go overboard (pun thorough intended). 

    Edit: I recently found these tip extenders which IMO are the best and the cheapest:

    Giantree Plastic Glue Tips 
     https://a.co/d/6FhPXeU

    Peter Grey Piano Doctor 



    ------------------------------
    Peter Grey
    Stratham NH
    (603) 686-2395
    pianodoctor57@gmail.com
    ------------------------------



  • 22.  RE: Opinions sought on Ca glue in pin blocks and long term effects

    Posted 30 days ago

    I'd like to see some photos of the drilled bushing technique. Most grands don't have much room to drill without hitting the coils, plate or pins. A Yamaha I tuned yesterday had only about 3mm around the pins.



    ------------------------------
    Philip Jamison
    West Chester PA
    (610) 696-8449
    ------------------------------



  • 23.  RE: Opinions sought on Ca glue in pin blocks and long term effects

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 30 days ago
    I don't know you guys personally, but I am going to defend myself a little.  First, don't go overboard.  Funny!
    "As much as it will take" may have been a poor choice of wording,  but on blocks with bushings i do several drops at a time and go back, usually once or twice, and you can hope you are getting lower than the bushing.  It kind of stops wanting more.  That stuff does seem to travel well.   As with most of what we do, you have to take every situation and use what it gives you.  See how it works.  Thanks Peter for calling me out a little !
    It's not something I do a lot of, but it did seem to work!
    Peace
    A

    Andrew J. Lyford, RPT
    Lyford Piano Works
    276-732-6290





  • 24.  RE: Opinions sought on Ca glue in pin blocks and long term effects

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 30 days ago

    Hi All! Long time no chat. Just want to share a few thoughts...

    To respond to the actual question asked: I have replaced pins that had been previously treated and they were fine. 

    To respond to everyone else: 

    - I'm with Anthony Willey for disliking larger pins. If the WHOLE piano has been replaced with larger pins, I won't whine too much because I can change tuning tips and just deal with the other issues, but if it's just a few, particularly if they are huge, it makes me crazy unless I have two levers with two different tips. I had a single pin once that my #3 lever barely fit on! 

    - I have used both the split-metal-tube shims and regular veneer as shims around existing pins with success that is superior to CA glue when it comes to holding power and keeping the original feel of the pin. They behave as if I have put in a larger pin, but with zero of the downsides. The only negative is the possibility of making a crack larger, if there is one, but so far I haven't been that unlucky. *crossing fingers* 

    - Several of you know me and I know Andy. He isn't like me: I LITERALLY put in as much as it will take because it never worked for me to use a little, because I'm using CA glue on pins that are pulling the lever out of my hand, on pin blocks that are likely splitting, on pianos that would otherwise be going to the dump, rebuilding not being an option. 

    I hope some of the above is useful along with everyone else who offered suggestions. If you're in a big hurry, CA may be the only option until you are allowed more time. If you only use the minimum that is required, it shouldn't be a problem for later repairs. Good luck! 



    ------------------------------
    Maggie Jusiel, RPT
    Athens, WV
    (304)952-8615
    mags@timandmaggie.net
    ------------------------------



  • 25.  RE: Opinions sought on Ca glue in pin blocks and long term effects

    Registered Piano Technician
    Posted 30 days ago
    Sometime in the last ten years or so Tim Barnes did a technical at his chapter and did some experimenting with all the ways to tighten a pin.  There is video of this out there somewhere.  CA won, for a lot of reasons.  I also prefer it in most cases because it will actually fill a crack rather than spread it, if that is going on.  And I also hate the feel of large pins.   A good ca job can save a piano for a while, so nice in some soe situations.  Especially some of those "it was my mother's piano" jobs!

    Andrew J. Lyford, RPT
    Lyford Piano Works
    276-732-6290